St. Nikolai (Bad Freienwalde)
The parish church of St. Nikolai is a church in Bad Freienwalde (Oder) in Brandenburg . The church is located in the city center at a height near the town hall. It is a listed building.
history
The first church on this site was built in the third quarter of the 13th century. There was probably a wooden chapel here before. The church at that time was about the same size as today's main nave. In the middle of the 15th century the church was converted into a Gothic brick building. However, more precise circumstances are not known. There was a third phase of construction between 1518 and 1522. The tower was built, the aisle was raised, and the church was given a new gable roof . From 1580 to 1581 an extension was added to the south side of the choir. In 1584 and 1637 there was a fire in the church. The tower was badly damaged. In 1653, after the Thirty Years War , the tower was rebuilt.
From 1726 to 1730 galleries were built and in 1728 the organ was renewed by the master organ builder Joachim Wagner . After the upper part of the tower burned down in 1867, it was brought into its current state. In the years 1912 to 1913 the interior of the church was extensively renovated, as was the case in 1972. In 1988 the church was re-covered with the help of a donation from the Essen City Church Association.
architecture
The church is a late Gothic church with a length of 38.5 m. The church has a main vessel and a southern aisle. The choir is in the east of the church, the tower is in the south-west corner. On the north and west side there are parts of the wall of the original church.
Church interior
The choir is characterized by a star vault and five long windows in the shape of a pointed arch. The choir room is flooded with light during the day through these windows. In contrast, the nave is thicker and darker due to the drawn-in galleries and the "optically heavy ceiling that weighs heavily on the room". A “tangle of coarse ribs glued on later” covers “the four yokes of the ceiling like a reticulated vault”. Ulrich Pfeil explains this as follows: "This unique piece, actually a large barrel with irregularly cut stab caps , is the result of the tower fire of 1637. The bricklayers who renewed the ceiling around 1653 were obviously not up to the high art of vaulting."
Furnishing
The high altar dates from 1622 to 1623. The lower part is made of stone, the upper part of wood. The predella shows an image of the Lord's Supper . The storeys above are clearly set off and marked with columns. There are paintings of salvation history above the predella. To the right and left of the painting are the apostles Peter and Paul. The pulpit is also from 1622 and was probably made by the same artist.
The baptismal font dates from the third quarter of the 13th century and is believed to be part of the original equipment of the church. It has a height of one meter and was created as a cup with a column base. The brass baptismal bowl was made in Nuremberg in the 16th or 17th century.
The three-part organ brochure was made by Joachim Wagner in 1728. The interior was completely replaced in 1899 by Wilhelm Sauer and in 1976 by the Sauer company . The gallery was built along with the organ.
Two pictures by Caspar von Uchtenhagen hang in the church. The oil painting shows the last offspring of those von Uchtenhagen at the age of four. The boy is holding a pear in his hand, probably an indication of poisoning. The dog in the picture is said to have warned the boy about the poisoned pear. The text on the screen is as follows: I CASPAR VCHTENHAGEN BIN GEWEST this form I WAS fourth semiconductor years of age Anno 1597 NOV The 18 . This picture was stolen in 1991, the one shown is a copy. The second picture shows the boy lying in the coffin at the age of nine. On the oil painting in the predella of the altar, a child is depicted on Jesus' lap next to the 12 disciples. It is interpreted as Caspar von Uchtenhagen.
There are several epitaphs in the church . The epitaph of Simon Christian von Schröder († 1728) hangs on the north side. In the choir is the epitaph by Ludwig Felix von Borcke (1702–1751). A memorial plaque for Johannis Nicolai Holtorff and his wife Susanna, née Spener, hangs on the south side of the ship.
The bells had to be renewed or poured over again and again. Twice they were destroyed in tower fires, cracks and cracks in bells made it necessary to cast them around. In both world wars, the bells of St. Nikolai were also used to make material for cannons. Only a bronze bell remained. One bell is from 1925 and two from 1957.
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments . Part: Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9 .
- Ulrich Pfeil: St. Nikolai Bad Freienwalde. (= Peda art guide No. 96/1993). Passau 1993, ISBN 3-930102-04-8 . (An art guide in which the parish church Sankt Nikolai is explained on 20 pages. At the end there is some information about the former hospital church Sankt Georg)
- Ilona Rohowski, Ingetraud Senst: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, monuments in Brandenburg. Volume 9.1: District of Märkisch-Oderland. Part 1: towns of Bad Freienwalde and Wriezen, villages in Niederoderbruch. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms am Rhein 2006, ISBN 3-88462-230-7 , pp. 63–72.
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
- ↑ a b c d Ulrich Pfeil: St. Nikolai Bad Freienwalde. Passau 1993, p. 7.
- ^ Ulrich Pfeil: St. Nikolai Bad Freienwalde. Passau 1993, p. 11.
- ^ Ulrich Pfeil: St. Nikolai Bad Freienwalde. Passau 1993, p. 18.
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 47 '15 " N , 14 ° 1' 46" E