Joachim Wagner (organ builder)

Lettering "Wagner Orgelmacher"

Joachim Wagner (born April 13, 1690 in Karow , Duchy of Magdeburg , † May 23, 1749 in Salzwedel , Mark Brandenburg ) was an important organ builder in Brandenburg .

origin

Joachim Wagner was born as the son of pastor Christoph Wagner (1653–1709) and his wife Anna Dorothea. Tiefenbach was born in Karow near Genthin . His brothers, pastors Johann Christoph Wagner (1683–1750, successor to his father's office in Karow since 1710) and Friedrich Wagner (1693–1760), later had an influence on his work.

Act

Organ of the Berlin Garrison Church, 1737

Joachim Wagner may have learned the organ building trade from the Schnitger student Matthäus Hartmann († around 1745). It has been proven that Christoph Treutmann d. Ä. (around 1673–1757) was Wagner's teacher in Magdeburg . Wagner went on a journey as a journeyman and also worked for Gottfried Silbermann in Freiberg for two years . In 1719 he came to Berlin. He completed his masterpiece there in 1723 with the organ in the Marienkirche in Berlin (consecrated in 1721), which had three manuals and 40 stops . In Berlin he also built his largest work with 50 registers on three manuals in the newly built Berlin garrison church from 1724 to 1726 (rebuilt in 1892, burned in 1908).

He was by far the most important organ builder of the Baroque period in the Margraviate of Brandenburg, as the conditions offered were particularly favorable during the reign of the soldier king Friedrich Wilhelm I (1713–1740). He is sometimes referred to as "Märkischer Silbermann".

Joachim Wagner apparently died in Salzwedel while working on his last organ for the Marienkirche there , as it was completed by Gottlieb Scholtze .

student

Among his students who carried on his traditions were

• Matthias Kallensee, since 1720, later foreman, died in 1741
• Johann Peter Migendt , since 1731/32, foreman since 1741, took over the workshop in 1749
• Heinrich Andreas Contius , 1732 to around 1738, then the most important organ builder in the Baltic States
• Georg Neumann, 1732-1742
• Gottlieb Scholtze , 1740/44 carving work for Wagner, then organ building student
• Johann Gottlob Mehner , since 1746 at the latest, then organ builder in Stettin
• Ernst Julius Marx , possibly only with Migendt after 1749 ?, then organ builder in Berlin

Organs

→ Main article : Wagner organs

Effective range

In the course of his life, Joachim Wagner built over 50 individually designed organs, both for large churches and for smaller village churches, 15 of which have been preserved in larger parts, as well as eight cases or smaller remains. From his workshop in Berlin, his area of ​​activity extended mainly to the northern German Prussian - Hohenzollern states, in addition to the royal cities of Berlin (8 organs) and Potsdam (4) and Brandenburg an der Havel (3) to the entire Mark Brandenburg including Altmark ( Werben (Elbe) , Salzwedel ), Uckermark ( Angermünde , Gramzow , Schwedt / Oder ) and Neumark ( Königsberg ), on Pomerania ( Stargard , Wartin ) and the Duchy of Magdeburg (Magdeburg). But he also built organs in Kursachsen ( Jüterbog ) and Norway ( Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim ). Fifteen organs with the largest original components are preserved today, the most valuable in the Brandenburg Cathedral, as well as eight cases or smaller remains.

Characteristic

Joachim Wagner built instruments that combined and further developed central and north German elements of organ building. The working principle cultivated in the baroque of northern Germany was abandoned in favor of a fusion of sounds and a single overall housing. To the sound peculiarities include the powerful intonation , the well-staffed pedal (without pedal coupler) terzhaltige concoctions and manual transmissions built in some instruments.

In the course of his life he built over fifty individually designed organs, both for large churches and for small village churches, none of which are completely alike. His organ cases were varied and often wore plastic jewelry and occasionally movable timpani and trumpet angels in the Silesian tradition, inspired by Johann Michael Röder . All of these instruments are extremely valuable evidence of a highly developed musical culture, which was also used by the great musicians of his time. On May 8, 1747, for example, Johann Sebastian Bach gave a concert on the relatively small Wagner organ in Potsdam's Heilig-Geist-Kirche . The organ works of his son Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach were created around the house organ of Princess Anna Amalia , built in 1755 by Ernst Marx and Peter Migendt , which is now in Berlin-Karlshorst .

Present stock

Fires, inadequate care and renovations resulting from the musical zeitgeist of the 19th century and the consequences of the Second World War have left only 15 more or less original instruments and eight other remains of instruments, mainly cases (some still with original inventory). In the course of its existence, the Potsdam company Schuke has made a great contribution to the restoration of Wagner organs.

On August 26th, 2006 the Joachim Wagner Society was founded in Rühstädt , which aims to research and maintain its unique heritage.

List of works

Today, 51 new organs, a layout draft, four relocations and some repairs are known by Joachim Wagner. Obtained 15 organs in larger parts and eight brochures , some with small residues. The most important surviving Wagner organ is in the Brandenburg Cathedral .

The size of the instruments is indicated in the fifth column by the number of manuals and the number of sounding registers in the sixth column. A capital “P” stands for an independent pedal, a lowercase “p” for an attached pedal. A italics indicates that the organ in question has not survived more or only nor the prospectus of Wagner dates.

year	place	building	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1720-1723	Berlin	St. Mary		III / P	40	Prospectus and register preserved, integrated in the new building by Alfred Kern & fils (2002)
1722-1723	Potsdam	Old garrison church		II / P	25th	1732 in the Jerusalem church , Berlin, situated; Dismantling around 1878 when the church was rebuilt; not received
1725	Brandenburg on the Havel	St. Peter and Paul Cathedral		II / P	33	Prospectus, register and pipes almost completely preserved in the original, largest preserved and fully functional Wagner organ → organ
1724-1726	Berlin	Garrison Church		III / P	50	not received
1724-1726	Berlin	Riding house		II / P	18th	not received
1726-1727	Blumberg	Village church		I.	7th	not received
1726-1727	Brandenburg on the Havel	St. Catherine's		III / P	40	Get prospectus → Organ
1727	Berlin	St. Georgen		II / P	16	not received
1727	Berlin	Great Friedrichs Hospital, orphanage church		I / P	9-10	not received
1728	Bad Freienwalde (Oder)	St. Nikolai		II / P	24	Prospectus received
1729-1730	Spices	St. Mary		III / P	34	not received
1730	Templin	Maria Magdalenen Church		II / P	30th	not received
1730	Potsdam	Holy Spirit Church		II / P	22nd	not received
1730-1731	Stargard	Johanniskirche		II / P	21st	not received
1731	Berlin	St. Gertraud, Hospital Church		I.	9	not received
1731-1732	Berlin	Parochial Church		II / P	32	not received
1731-1732	Potsdam	Garrison Church		III / P	42	not received
1733	Zehdenick	Zehdenick town church		II / P	18th	not received
1732-1734	Berlin-Spandau	St. Nicholas Church		II / P	31	not received
1734	Berlin	French Friedrichstadtkirche		I / P	13	not received
1734-1735	Altwriezen	Village church		I.	6th	not received
1734-1736	Koenigsberg in the Neumark	St. Mary		III	45	not received
1735-1736	Nahausen near Königsberg in Neumark	Village church		I.	7th	not received
1735	Schwedt / Oder	Castle chapel		I / P or II / P	15 or 21	Drafts from September 19, 1735, implementation unknown
1736	Gramzow	Ev. City Church of St. Mary		I / P	9	in the Sternhagen village church since 1857 , restored and reconstructed by Schuke from 2001–2009
? around 1736	Zachow (Czachów), Neumark	Village church		I.	7th	Sideways parapet organ without pedal, 1837 conversion of Buchholz with pedal, 1945 all metal pipes disappeared, 2003 discovery of Wagner's authorship by Karl Richter, today an empty prospectus with Buchholz pedal wooden pipes
1736-1737	Brandenburg on the Havel	St. Gotthardt		II / P	31	not received
1737	Potsdam	Church of the Military Orphanage		I.	8th	since 1792 in the church of St. Marien in Pritzerbe
1737	Jueterbog	Church of Our Lady		I / P	13	largely preserved → organ
1737-1738	Bochow (Niedergörsdorf)	Village church		I / p	7 or 9	not received
1738	Rühstädt	Village church		I / P	10	Housing and some registers preserved, the rest of the reconstruction
1737-1739	Bruessow	St. Sophia		I / P	11	not received
1739	Schönwalde	Village church		I / P	12	preserved → organ
1738-1740	Magdeburg	Holy Spirit Church		III / P	46	not received
1737-1741	Jueterbog	St. Nikolai		II / P	32	The prospectus has been preserved; like the organ, it was built by J. Ch. Angermann from 1737 to 1741. When the organ was built, parts of the previous organ from 1602 were used → organ .
1739-1741	Treuenbrietzen	St. Mary		II / P	30th	receive
1739-1741	Trondheim , Norway	Nidaros Cathedral		II / P	30th	Restored in 1994 → organ
1741	Treuenbrietzen	St. Nikolai		I / P	18?	not received
1741	Neuruppin	Saint Mary's		III / P	42	not received
1742	Wusterhausen / Dosse	St. Peter and Paul		II / P	29	rescheduled several times; Restored in 1978
1741-1742	Bötzow	St. Nikolai		I / P	10	repeatedly rescheduled
1742-1744	Angermünde	City parish church St. Marien		II / P	30th	Four timpani angels can be operated from the pedal. 1773 painting of the prospectus; 1845 and 1899–1901 rearrangements; 1967–1976 restoration in two stages by Schuke
1743-1744	Wartin	Ev. church		I / P	9	expanded by Christian Friedrich Voit; largely preserved
1744-1745	Gransee	St. Mary		II / P	21st	Prospectus and some pipes received
1744-1745	Passow	Village church		I / P	9	rescheduled several times; Housing and partly pipework preserved
1744-1745	?	?		II	12	Wagner's only surviving transmission organ, original location not known; since 1802/03 in Warsaw , St. Benon Church, from 1824 in Pruszyn , dismantled and stored in 1969, restored from 2008–2010 and re-erected in the bishop's house in Siedlce
around 1745	Felchow	Ev. church		I.	9	changed several times
1745	Flemsdorf	Village church		I.	8th	little received
1745-1746	Ragow (Mittenwalde)	Holy Spirit Church		I / P	8th	not received
1747	Advertise (Elbe)	St. Johannis		II / P	27	1916 converted to pneumatics by Albert Kohl, prospectus and 11 registers preserved. The restoration in the spirit of Wagner is planned.
1748	Berlin	St. Petri		III / P	50	Supplemented by Migendt in 1751, lost by fire in 1908
1748-1749	Salzwedel	St. Mary		III / P	39	Completion by Scholtze, prospectus received

literature

• Heinz Herbert Steves: The organ builder Joachim Wagner (1690–1749). In: Archiv für Musikforschung 4, 1939, pp. 321–358 and 5, 1940, pp. 17–38. Also special print as Diss. Phil. (Cologne 1939): Leipzig 1939.
• Arthur Jaenicke: The pure sound. A story from the life of the organ builder Joachim Wagner. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 1957. (With biographical introduction, overview of known Wagner organs and glossary on organ building)
• Claus-Peter Schulze: Wagner, Joachim. In: Music in the past and present. Vol. 14, 1968, Col. 77-78.
• Gernot Schmidt: Joachim Wagner's organs and their restorations. In: The Organ Yearbook. 11, 1980, pp. 31-47.
• Wolf Bergelt : The Mark Brandenburg. A rediscovered organ landscape. Berlin 1989, pp. 15-22 and 104-106.
• Eitelfriedrich Thom (ed.): The organ builder Joachim Wagner (1690–1749). Michaelstein / Blankenburg 1990.
• Berthold Schwarz (Ed.): 500 years of organs in Berlin's Protestant churches. Berlin 1991, Vol. I, pp. 62-69 and Vol. II, pp. 486-488.
• Andreas Kitschke: The organ buildings by Joachim Wagner (1690–1749) in the royal seat of Potsdam. In: Acta Organologica . 23, 1993, pp. 197-240. [With list of works and illustrations.]
• Wolf Hobohm, Friedrich Wagner: Notes about a Hamburg main pastor from the perspective of Telemann research. In: Music culture in Silesia at the time of Telemann and Dittersdorf . Sinzig 2001, pp. 129-146.
• Dietrich Kollmannsperger: Wagner, Joachim. In: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . Vol. 26. 2nd edition. London, New York 2002, p. 974.
• Uwe Czubatynski: Bibliography on the history of the organ in Berlin-Brandenburg. 2nd updated edition (electronic resource). Rühstädt 2005.
• Uwe Czubatynski: History and restoration of the Wagner organ in Rühstädt. In: Messages from the Association for the History of Prignitz . 6, 2006, pp. 84-91.
• Wolf Bergelt : Joachim Wagner (1690–1749) organ maker. Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-7954-2562-3 .
• Uwe Czubatynski :  Wagner, Joachim. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 26, Bautz, Nordhausen 2006, ISBN 3-88309-354-8 , Sp. 1547–1551.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Andreas Kitschke : The teacher of Joachim Wagner. In: Ars Organi . Volume 59, 2011, p. 200.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Andreas Kitschke: The organ builder Joachim Wagner. In: Evangelical church community Schönwalde: The historical Wagner organ (1739) in the village church Schönwalde. Schönwalde-Glien 2015, p. 10 f.
3. ↑ Christhard Kirchner, Uwe Pape: Joachim Wagner . In: Uwe Pape, Wolfram Hackel, Christhard Kirchner (eds.): Lexikon norddeutschet organ builder. Volume 4. Berlin, Brandenburg and the surrounding area. Pape Verlag, Berlin 2017. p. 599
4. ↑ Christhard Kirchner, Uwe Pape: Wagner, Joachim . In: Uwe Pape, Wolfram Hackel, Christhard Kirchner (Eds.): Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. Volume 4. Berlin, Brandenburg and the surrounding area. Pape Verlag, Berlin 2017. pp. 599f. with extensive list
5. ^ Joachim Wagner - Catalog raisonné of the Institute for Organ Research Brandenburg. Retrieved April 17, 2018 . 
6. ^ Draft of the manuscript for the Brandenburg Institute for Organ Research
7. ^ Draft of the Brandenburg Institute for Organ Research (pdf)
8. ↑ Photo of the historical organ Institute for Organ Research Brandenburg
9. ^ Organ in Sternhagen , accessed on April 17, 2018.
10. ↑ Schinkel and a riddle text by Karl Richter, with history and dispositions (pdf)
11. ^ Photo Institute for Organ Research Brandenburg
12. ↑ year of implementation according to www.garnisonfriedhofberlin.de , accessed on April 17, 2018.
13. ↑ organ in rühstädt , accessed on 17 April 2018th
14. ^ Marie-Luise Buchinger, Marcus Cante: Monuments in Brandenburg, Teltow Fläming district, Part 1: City of Jüterbog with Zinna monastery and Niedergörsdorf community. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, ISBN 3-88462-154-8 , p. 79.
15. ↑ Times according to Nidaros Cathedral: Wagner organ , accessed on April 17, 2018.
16. ^ Organ in Wusterhausen , accessed on April 17, 2018.
17. ↑ Time according to the organ in Gransee , accessed on April 17, 2018.
18. ↑ Restoration of the Wagner transmission organ completed. Retrieved April 17, 2018 . 
19. ↑ www.volksstimme.de: Professor wants to save Werben's organ, November 29, 2017, accessed on November 3, 2019

Web links

Commons : Joachim Wagner (Organ builder)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website of the Joachim Wagner Society
• Joachim Wagner on the Brandenburg organ landscape