Marienkirche (Salzwedel)
The Protestant Marienkirche is the largest church in the town of Salzwedel in the north-west of Saxony-Anhalt . It is of Romanesque origin, but is attributed to the brick Gothic.
history
The first St. Mary's Church was built around 1150 as a Romanesque stone church. This makes it, together with the Lorenz Church, the oldest church in Salzwedel. After 1200 this hall church was demolished. Only a 2.7 meter high tower stump with a round floor plan remained.
The new representative church was designed as a three-aisled brick basilica on a cross plan. The central nave was vaulted . The new tower had an octagonal floor plan above the tower stump and was 40 meters high made of brick . There was a pent roof on top . The old town of Salzwedel was first mentioned in a document in 1233. The Marienkirche was at that time the archdeacon church and the main parish church of the old town.
From the middle of the 14th century, the church was converted into a five-aisled basilica in the Gothic style. The work dragged on for over 200 years. The shed roof was replaced by a spire replaced so that the tower is now 80.3 meters high, the second highest church tower in the Altmark was. The tower spire showed a curvature that still exists today. A document about a tower repair in 1496 was found in the tower head. A west hall at the height of the nave was built so that the tower base stood inside the nave. The high choir was expanded. The church received 28 side altars . The building shell has remained largely unchanged since 1550.
In 1510 a three-part wood-carved altar was set up in the choir. Parts had already been made in 1480. In 1522 a bronze baptismal font was erected, which was made by Hans von Köln in Nuremberg . In the course of the Reformation , probably in 1522, the parish of St. Mary's Church became Evangelical Lutheran . In 1581 a gallery and a pulpit made of sandstone were installed .
The baroque organ begun by Joachim Wagner was inaugurated in 1752. However, Wagner died before the work was completed. The organ was replaced in 1913 by an organ from Furtwängler & Hammer with 62 registers , which was not playable for a long time and was inaugurated again on Easter Monday 2007. In the Second World War, the Marienkirche suffered no direct war damage. In 1972 the tower helmet was damaged by a hurricane, so that many of the lead plates used at the time fell down and moisture could penetrate the tower for a long time. In 2003 the renovation of the tower was completed. At the same time, the bells could be completed after bells for the manufacture of weapons had to be handed in during the two world wars.
In 2006 a component temperature control was installed for thermal maintenance of the building. The masonry is continuously fed geothermally generated heat through the base.
Architecture and equipment
The Marienkirche is a five-aisled brick basilica. There are stepped gables on the side aisles . The spire is covered with copper . The base of the tower inside the church is the only remaining part of the original church. He can be bypassed. Its walls are around three meters thick.
The walls of the high choir are white with black ribs. The wood carved altar is in the high choir. It is eight meters high and over six meters wide, making it the largest carved altar in the Altmark. With 30 relief figures and 22 sculptures on 31 fields, it shows scenes from the life of Mary and Jesus, some of which were based on copper engravings by Martin Schongauer . Part of the choir stalls from around 1360 have been preserved. A window of Christ was also built around this time and is located in the choir. Another stained glass window dates from the 16th century. In the choir there is a richly decorated wooden lectern from the 13th and an eagle lectern from the 15th century, a Levite seat from the 14th century and a margrave seat from the 16th century, like the Levite seat a three seat. At the entrance to the high choir there is a triumphal cross group in the original structure. The rest of the interior of the church is also painted white, but has red ribs in the main nave and red and black striped ribs in the side aisles. In the central nave there are life-size stone figures on the fighting platforms of the former Romanesque basilica. There are remains of old wall paintings . The baptismal font from the Renaissance in the south aisle has a canopy attached to the vault and a lattice that runs around the baptismal font. The baptismal font itself is heated.
Above the bridal gate there is a stained glass window from the 19th century that shows the announcement of the birth of Jesus by the Archangel Gabriel . The ringing consists of six bells. The youngest bell is called "Shalom". The furnishings of the Marienkirche include a silver-gold-plated Gothic Holy Communion chalice from the mid-15th century and a silver-gold-plated host vessel from the early 14th century.
organ
The baroque organ prospectus comes from Joachim Wagner , who died while building the organ for St. Mary's Church on May 24, 1749 in Salzwedel. The instrument was then completed by Wagner's student Scholtze. Today, behind the prospectus, there is an instrument made by the organ builder P. Furtwängler & Hammer from 1913. The organ has 61 stops and three extensions on three manuals and pedal . The actions are electro-pneumatic. The instrument was last extensively restored in 2005 by Christian Scheffler .
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Pairing :
- Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Super octave coupling: I / I, II / I, III / II, III / III
- Sub-octave coupling: III / I, III / II, III / III
- Playing aids : Tutti and free combinations (main and secondary register, three pedal combinations), on and off (reed works, auxiliary register, main register, principal choir, flute choir, gamba choir, reed works choir), crescendo roller
use
Church services are held weekly and on public holidays. There are also exhibitions on religious topics. An annual concert series consists of concerts for organ solo, with solo voice or with other instruments.
Surroundings
The Marienkirche is located on a square in the old town of Salzwedel, which is partly lined with 150 to 300 year old linden trees. Historic half-timbered houses are located around the square . The streets around the Marienkirche are paved with cobblestones . South of the church is the Kluhs , a former parish tithe barn , which has been used as a church café and event location by the community since its renovation. In the old town of Salzwedel there are two other medieval churches, the Lorenz Church and the Monks Church.
More pictures
Levite seat
High altar with eagle lectern
Choir stalls
baptism
Tower shaft in the nave
The Kluhs
See also
Web links
- Parish website
- Information on St. Mary's Church on altmark-pur.eu (archive version )
- Information about the organ
Individual evidence
- ^ Website of the parish / history , accessed on August 26, 2011
- ↑ According to other information (P. Fischer) 84 meters
- ↑ a b c Peter Fischer : Monuments of the district of Salzwedel. Freilichtmuseum Diesdorf, Diesdorf 1990, without ISBN, pp. 40f, 80, 84.
- ^ Website of the parish / organ , accessed on August 26, 2011
- ↑ Hartmut Bock, Peter Fischer et al .: The north-western Altmark - a cultural landscape . Sparkasse Gifhorn-Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg 1991, without ISBN, pp. 122–125.
- ^ Andreas Kitschke : The organ builder Joachim Wagner. In: Evangelical church community Schönwalde: The historical Wagner organ (1739) in the village church Schönwalde. Schönwalde-Glien 2015, p. 10f.
- ↑ Information on the Furtwängler & Hammer organ , accessed on October 28, 2010.
Coordinates: 52 ° 50 ′ 58.1 ″ N , 11 ° 8 ′ 57.5 ″ E