Steel hookbeak
| Steel hookbeak | ||||||||||||
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Steel hookbeak |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Diglossa lafresnayii | ||||||||||||
| ( Boissonneau , 1840) |
The steel hooked beak ( Diglossa lafresnayii ) is a bird art from the family of tanagers (Thraupidae). The species has a large range that includes the South American countries Peru , Ecuador , Colombia and Venezuela . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern . The species is considered to be monotypical .
features
The steel hooked bill reaches a body length of about 14.5 centimeters. The upturned black beak has a hook-shaped tip. The plumage is predominantly glossy black. Only the shoulder feathers are blue-gray. The eyes are dark. The gender dimorphism is not particularly pronounced. Juveniles are similar to fully grown animals, but have a paler beak.
behavior
The steel hookbills are usually seen alone or in pairs. Now and then he sits on the tips of tree bushes and chirps. But mostly it is inconspicuous. He hops in secret through the dense vegetation. It flies relatively close to the ground. He tries to avoid open habitats as much as possible. It feeds on insects and pierces corollas with its beak.
distribution and habitat
The steel hooked bill is usually found near the tree line of damp mountain forest edges and cloud forest at altitudes between 2000 and 3250 meters. Here he moves in remote areas in the scrub and the typical vegetation of the páramo . In Peru, it is found on the eastern slopes of the Andes north and west of the Marañón Valley. In Ecuador he was seen in southern Azuay . In Colombia, occurrences in the east and central Andes of the departments of Antioquia , Caldas and Tolima have been reported. In northwestern Venezuela it occurs in the Andes of the states of Táchira , Mérida and Trujillo .
etymology
The generic name is derived from the Greek dis , di- (= two) and glossa (= tongue) and refers to the typical U-shaped tongue of this genus. Auguste Boissonneau first described the steel hook beak under the name Uncirostrum La Fresnayii . He dedicated the scientific taxon to Baron Frédéric de Lafresnaye .
literature
- Thomas Schulenberg , Douglas F. Stotz , Daniel F. Lane: Birds of Peru. Princeton University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-691-04915-1 , p. 580.
- Robert S. Ridgely , Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide. Volume 1, Cornell University Press, 2001, pp. 714, ISBN 978-0-8014-8720-0 .
- Robert S. Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide , Vol. 2, Cornell University Press, 2001, pp. 621f, ISBN 978-0-8014-8721-7
- Steven L. Hilty , William L. Brown: A Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, 1986, p. 593, ISBN 978-0691083728 .
- Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee, William H. Phelps , Guy Tudor : A Guide to the Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, 1992, ISBN 978-0691082059 , p. 329.
- François Vuilleumier: Systematics and evolution in Diglossa (Aves, Coerebidae) . In: American Museum novitates . No. 2381 , July 9, 1969, p. 1–44 (English, digitallibrary.amnh.org [PDF; 3.5 MB ]).
Web links
- Internet Bird Collection Glossy Flowerpiercer (Diglossa lafresnayii ) Images and videos
- Avibase steel hookbill (Diglossa lafresnayii) pictures and other information
- Carolinanature Glossy Flowerpiercer (Diglossa lafresnayii) image
- Flickr Diglossa lafresnayii image
- Antpitta Diglossa lafresnayii image
- Xeno-canto Diglossa lafresnayii voice recordings
- Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 121 (1), 2009 First Observation of Sap Well Use and Maintenance by the Glossy Flowerpiercer (Diglossa lafresnayii) (Thraupidae ) scientific article with information
Individual evidence
- ↑ Diglossa lafresnayii in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010.2. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2009. Retrieved August 25, 2010.
- ^ Revue zoologique par la Société cuviérienne 1840 Oiseaux nouveaux ou peu connus de Santa-Fé de Bogota Uncirostrum La Fresnayii (French)