Stanislas de Clermont-Tonnerre
Stanislas Marie Adélaide, Comte de Clermont-Tonnerre (* 1747 in Pont-à-Mousson , † August 10, 1792 in Paris ) was a French politician during the French Revolution . He was one of the leading figures of the constitutional monarchists.
Life
He came from the old noble family Clermont-Tonnerre . His grandfather Gaspard de Clermont-Tonnerre held the rank of Marshal of France . His father Joseph-François de Clermont-Tonnerre was governor of the Dauphiné and contributed to the outbreak of the uprising known as the Day of the Bricks through his expulsion of the parliamentarians from Grenoble .
Stanislas was a colonel in the French army and was considered a Freemason. He was married to Louise, daughter of Henri de Rosières Marquis de Sorans, from 1782. He was elected to the Assembly of Estates General of 1789 as one of the representatives of the nobility of Paris . He was one of the more liberal-minded nobles and was one of the leaders of the nobles who joined the Third Estate and thus the National Assembly on June 25, 1789 .
He was elected one of the first presidents of the congregation. He campaigned for the abolition of the old privileges and especially for the legal equality of Protestants and Jews. A sentence from a speech of December 23, 1789, " The Jews as a nation are to be denied everything, but everything is to be granted to the Jews as human beings " was later frequently quoted . "He was a member of the constitutional committee of the Constituent Assembly and asked whether it was sufficient to restore the old pre-absolutist constitution, or whether a completely new constitution was not required. He himself hoped in vain to be able to reform the old constitution on the basis of the declaration of human and civil rights . In fact, there was a complete new creation.
He was one of the leading figures of the constitutional monarchists ( monarchiens ) and was one of the founders of the Société des Amis de la Constitution Monarchique . In the debate about the elaboration of the rights of the king, he advocated the absolute right of a royal veto. With his friends he advocated a two-chamber system. Although in the minority, he remained a member of the congregation. He also co- edited the journal des impartiaux . This had to cease publication soon afterwards. After the king was overthrown, he came home when it was being searched, and fled from the crowd to Madame de Brissac's house. The crowd that followed him chased him up to the fourth floor. There he was shot and his body thrown out the window.
The later Cardinal Anne-Antoine-Jules de Clermont-Tonnerre (1749-1830) was his cousin.
Individual evidence
- ^ Francois Furet, Denis Richet: The French Revolution. Frankfurt am Main, 1981 p. 97
- ↑ Marcus Llanque: Political history of ideas. Munich, 2008 p. 281
- ↑ Simon Schama: The hesitating citizen. Munich, 1989 p. 672
literature
- Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . Leipzig and Vienna, fourth edition, 1885–1892; 4th volume, p. 175 digitized
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Clermont-Tonnerre, Stanislas de |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Politicians during the French Revolution |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1747 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Pont-à-Mousson |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 10, 1792 |
| Place of death | Paris |