High-intensity lamp

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coleman high-pressure lamp for petrol operation. At the bottom right of the tank you can see the air pump, on the front left the control valve for the petrol gas, on the left behind the filler neck for the fuel. The picture above right is an enlarged view of the filigree mantle network in the combustion chamber.

A high-intensity lamp is a (mostly portable) gas lamp with a carburetor that burns liquid fuels such as gasoline , kerosene (theoretically also diesel and kerosene ) or alcohol .

functionality

The liquid fuel is passed through a gasifier under pressure. The pressure is created either by pumping air into the tank (mostly when operating with kerosene and petrol) or by a gradient with the tank attached at the top, as is usual with alcohol.

The fuel is evaporated inside the carburetor and then pressed through a fine nozzle. The escaping gas then sucks in the oxygen (air) required for combustion and mixes with it. Then the gas-air mixture is burned, the hot flame on the one hand heats a mantle and on the other hand it heats the carburetor so that new fuel can evaporate.

To start this process, the high-intensity lamp must first be preheated with the help of a preheating device (for example in the form of a spirit bowl or a special preheating burner that is supplied from the tank).

Luminous efficiency and heating effect

The high-intensity lamp has a specific light output that is 10 to 20 times higher than a candle , but only 1/3 the light output of an electric incandescent lamp (neglecting the energy losses during power generation). The fuel-consumption is 0.05 to 0.15 l / h and the luminous efficiency at about 5  lm / W . Depending on the design, a high-intensity lamp is roughly as bright as a 100 to 400 W incandescent lamp. The light intensity of high-intensity lamps is often given in the unit Hefner candle (HK) or Candle Powers (CP). These units are roughly equivalent and roughly equal to one candela .

The heating effect of these lamps is also not inconsiderable: a lamp with 500 HK burns for eight hours with one liter of kerosene , for example , consuming a volume of V = 0.125 l per hour ( t = 1 h) . The energy density of petroleum with w = 9.5 kWh / l results in a heating output

of a good one  kilowatt .

Manufacturing companies

Petroleum high-pressure lamp Optimus 200P
  • Petromax , Standard, Hipolito were brand names or licensed buildings from Ehrich & Graetz
  • Coleman mainly builds gasoline lamps in the USA
  • AIDA, HASAG , Mewa, GENIOL and Continental-Licht- und Apparatebaugesellschaft Frankfurt a / M. (COLAG) are other German company / brand names
  • Phoebus and Ditmar come from Austria
  • Tilley, Bialaddin, Vapalux and Veritas are British lamps for petroleum
  • Primus, Radius, Optimus are Scandinavian manufacturers
  • Anchor (China)

See also

Web links