Stella Maris (Norderney)

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Summer church Stella Maris on Norderney
View to the altar

The Roman Catholic Church of Stella Maris on the East Frisian island of Norderney was built in 1931 in the New Objectivity style based on plans by Dominikus Böhm . It is the largest Catholic church in East Frisia and is a listed building.

history

In 1884, when the St. Ludgerus Church on Norderney was completed, the Roman Catholic parish was also reestablished. The first pastor was introduced in 1909. When the number of Catholic spa guests and the number of children in the rest homes rose sharply after the First World War, the parish of Norderney was granted the status of an independent curative community in 1923 . On Goebenstrasse, Stella Maris was designed as a branch and summer church by the Kölner Werkschulen in 1931 based on a design by the architect Dominikus Böhm . The modern church was originally designed as a summer church without heating. During the Second World War, the building suffered from the tremors. In addition, there was damage from partly inferior building materials and the salty air. The marble slabs of the altar were so damaged that the altar was rebuilt with bricks and completed with a natural stone canteen . In the post-war years, the community grew to over 800 members due to the influx of displaced persons from the German eastern regions. In 1974 the parish became an independent parish . After the number of spa guests had increased further in the 1960s and 1970s, an extension with adjoining rooms and a separate apartment was carried out from 1978 to 1980, but architecturally it remained controversial. With the consecration of the altar on May 2, 1980, these renovations were completed. Since then, year-round use of the building has been possible because a heating system has been installed and the room layout has been changed. After a renovation in 1987, a fundamental redesign was carried out from 2006 to 2008 by the architect Bruno Braun from Düsseldorf, who brought the interior back to the concept of Böhm. The altar and ambo were made from sandstone again based on the first draft.

Today St. Ludgerus is used as a weekday church and in winter the Sunday Eucharist is celebrated in Stella Maris. The parish currently has 500 members (as of 2009) and belongs to the Deanery East Friesland in the Diocese of Osnabrück .

Building description

Architecturally, the building of the church in the New Objectivity style is breaking new ground. With its “bold modernity”, it set a new standard even in German church construction during the Weimar period. Compared to the usual red brick buildings of the East Frisian churches, Stella Maris is characterized by the unusual shapes with large white plastered surfaces. Only small window openings, a round window and two rectangular windows let light into the interior. A monopitch roof completes the building. The exterior is characterized by the front entrance area on the street side, above which the bell is attached. The two bronze bells were cast in 1970 with the chimes h 1 and d 2 by the bell foundry Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock in Gescher .

Interior

The church offers space for 700 believers. The high, cube-shaped main nave and the choir are closed off by a flat ceiling that is angled over the recessed, lower aisle and the sacristy. Three steel girders support the wall shell that separates the two areas. There is a gallery above the entrance, which is accessible from the outside via a staircase. The interior remains shrouded in a mystical semi-darkness because of the small windows. The lighting underlines the central role of the altar, which, according to Böhm, should function as a Christ-centric, mystical center. The painter Richard Seewald , who, like the architect Böhm, came from the Cologne Werkschulen, created the large oil painting of the church patron Maria “Stella Maris” above the altar in 1931. It shows a stylized view of Norderney Island with the lighthouse in the middle. The Mother of God walks over the light rays with the child as a sea ​​star towards the viewer. The altar area is separated from the rest of the nave by three steps and the dark stone slabs.

Kreienbrink organ after the style adjustment

The company Orgelbau Kreienbrink created the organ for the Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Bremen in 1969. In 2010 it was acquired second-hand and in the same year it was installed in the Stella Maris Church by the Westphalian organ builder S. Sauer . In 2012, the organ prospect, which had previously seemed very unfamiliar, was rebuilt and adapted to the style of the church interior, whereby the pointed towers of the prospectus were replaced by simple cuboids and the wood, which had been left in its natural state, was painted light. The slider chest instrument has 20 stops on two manuals and pedal . The Spieltrakturen are mechanically, the Registertrakturen electrically.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Principal 8th'
2. Pointed 8th'
3. octave 4 ′
4th Coupling flute 4 ′
5. Forest flute 2 ′
6th Sesquialtera II
7th Mixture IV-V 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
8th. Trumpet 8th'
Tremulant
II breastwork C – g 3
9. Tube bare 8th'
10. Quintad 8th'
11. Flute 4 ′
12. Principal 2 ′
13. Sif flute 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
14th Scharff III 2 ⁄ 3 ′
15th Schalmey shelf 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
16. Sub-bass 16 ′
17th Revelation 8th'
18th Thought bass 8th'
19th Piffaro II 4 ′
20th trombone 16 ′

See also

literature

  • Luigi Monzo: Building churches in the Third Reich. The inversion of the church's renewal dynamics using the example of the St. Canisius Church in Augsburg designed by Fritz Kempf . In: Das Münster - magazine for Christian art and art history . tape 68 , 2015/1 (April), pp. 74-82 .
  • Gottfried Kiesow : Architecture Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz, Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 .
  • Ingrid Winkler: Origin and development of the Catholic parish of St. Ludgerus on Norderney . In: Heinrich Smeins (Ed.): Norderney on the way into the third millennium. The past and present of the North Sea island of Norderney . tape 2 . Self-published, Norderney 1993.
  • Walter Zahner: St. Ludgerus and Stella Maris Norderney . 1st edition. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89870-567-7 .

Web links

Commons : Stella Maris  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walter Zahner: St. Ludgerus and Stella Maris Norderney . 1st edition. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89870-567-7 , p. 4 .
  2. ^ Walter Zahner: St. Ludgerus and Stella Maris Norderney . 1st edition. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89870-567-7 , p. 21 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Stella Maris Norderney . In: Artists' pastoral care Hildesheim . ( Online PDF; 178 kB).
  4. ^ Ingrid Winkler: Origins and development of the Catholic parish of St. Ludgerus on Norderney. In: Heinrich Smeins (Ed.): Norderney on the way into the third millennium. The past and present of the North Sea island of Norderney. 2, self-published, Norderney 1993, p. 105.
  5. ^ Walter Zahner: St. Ludgerus and Stella Maris Norderney . 1st edition. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89870-567-7 , p. 6 .
  6. ↑ Gottfried Kiesow : Architectural Guide Ostfriesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz, Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 370 .
  7. ↑ Luigi Monzo: churches built during the Third Reich . The inversion of the church's renewal dynamics using the example of the St. Canisius Church in Augsburg designed by Fritz Kempf. In: Das Münster - magazine for Christian art and art history . 68. 2015/1 (April), pp. 74 .
  8. ↑ Stella Maris (Norderney). In: arch INFORM .
  9. ^ Walter Zahner: St. Ludgerus and Stella Maris Norderney . 1st edition. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-89870-567-7 , p. 23 .
  10. ↑ Radio service from Norderney . In: Norderneyer morning . No. 127 , June 12, 2010, p. 2 ( norderneyer-morgen.de [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  11. ↑ Stella Maris Norderney . Westfälischer Orgelbau, S. Sauer GmbH. August 31, 2012. Retrieved April 3, 2013.

Coordinates: 53 ° 42 ′ 34.2 "  N , 7 ° 8 ′ 42.6"  E