Stepan Ivanovich Radchenko
Stepan Ivanovich Radchenko ( Russian Степан Иванович Радченко * January 26 jul. / 7. February 1869 greg. In Konotop ; † August 11 jul. / 24. August 1911 greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian social democrat and activist of the revolutionary Movement in Russia . He was the older brother of Ivan Ivanovich Radtschenko (1874-1942).
Life
Radchenko, the son of a small timber merchant, began studying at the St. Petersburg Technological Institute in 1887 . He joined the revolutionary movement in 1890 and agitated among workers. In 1891 he joined the group around Mikhail Ivanovich Brusnew (1864–1937) and later headed a Marxist circle of engineering students. He married in 1893 and met Vladimir Ilyich Lenin for the first time when he came to St. Petersburg to study. It was Radchenko who introduced Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya to Lenin, her future husband. Radtschenko and his wife Lyubov Nikolayevna were co-founders of the " Petersburg Combat League for the Liberation of the Working Class " in 1895 and Stepan Radtschenko was a member of its leadership from 1895 to 1896. The Kampfbund met several times in her apartment in Petersburg. In 1893 and 1896, Radchenko was arrested but acquitted for lack of evidence. Radchenko was one of the organizers of the First Party Congress of the RSDLP in March 1898 in Minsk . At the party congress he was elected as a member of the Central Committee as a delegate of the Kampfbund .
After the party congress he directed the publication and dissemination of the “Manifesto of the SDLP”. Radchenko also took part in the Pskov Conference in April 1900, at which it was decided to publish an illegal newspaper, Iskra (Искра, Eng. "The Spark"). In December 1901 he was arrested again, but released from custody because of illness. In 1904 he was exiled to Vologda , but given an amnesty in October 1905. Due to his illness, he retired from active political life in 1906.
Radchenko died in 1911 and was buried in the St. Petersburg North Cemetery in Pargolowo.
Honors
- In Saint Petersburg, since 1972, the Radtschenko Brothers Street ( Улица Братьев Радченко ) commemorates Stepan and Ivan Radchenko.
literature
- А. Б. Мельников: Ленинец Степан Радченко . In: Вопросы истории , No. 4 (1970), pp. 191-206.
- Article Stepan Ivanovich Radtschenko in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- Entry: Радченко . In: Л. Н. Белова, Г. Н. Булдаков, А. Я. Дегтярев и др .: Санкт-Петербург. Петроград. Ленинград: Энциклопедический справочник . Большая Российская Энциклопедия, Москва 1992 (Russian).
Web links
- Entry: Радченко, Степан Иванович on the page Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Советского Союз1 18 (Russian) .981991 18 (Russian).
- Short biographies (with photographs) of Stepan, Iwan and Lyubow Radtschenko (Russian)
footnote
- ↑ This group around Radtschenko belonged to: Hermann Krassin , Wassili Wassiljewitsch Starkow , Gleb Maximilianowitsch Krschischanowski , Pjotr Kuzmitsch Zaporoschez , Appolinaria Alexandrovna Jakubowa , Sinaida Pavlovna Newsorowa and Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya . See: James D. White: Lenin. The Practice and Theory of Revolution . Palgrave MacMillan, Houndmills 2001, pp. 33ff.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Radchenko, Stepan Ivanovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Радченко, Степан Иванович |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian social democrat and revolutionary |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 7, 1869 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Konotop |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 24, 1911 |
| Place of death | St. Petersburg |