Stephan I. Thököly

Stephan I. Thököly (born December 12, 1581 in Kesmark , Kingdom of Hungary ; † November 8, 1651 ibid.) Was a Hungarian baron and large landowner.

Coat of arms of the Thököly family

origin

At the turn of the XVI. and XVII. In the 19th century, a family appeared in the Kingdom of Hungary that was one of the most vital, humanistic, but also strongly influenced by Lutheran families. The Thököly family had lived in the Danube region for centuries . The oldest known representative of the family is said to have been Johann Thököly († 1442), a standard bearer of King Matthias Corvinus . This information is not historically proven.

A great-grandson of Johann is said to have been Sebastian Thököly († 1607), who lived in Temesburg (ung. Temesvár) in Banat , as the son of Ferenc I. Thököly and his wife Kristina, née. Balogh was born and from there moved to Tyrnau in 1569 , where he ran a flourishing wine, cattle and horse trade. It was he who was the first to move to the area of ​​the former Upper Hungary (now Slovakia ).

resume

Stephan I. Thököly was born as the eldest son of Sebastian Thököly and his wife Zsuzsanna. Dóczy was born in Kesmark on December 12, 1581. In his youth he traveled to many European countries . During the lifetime of his father, from whom he inherited the entire property, he was an assessor of the Royal Upper Hungarian Table. As a loyal supporter of Emperor Ferdinand II , he was an avowed opponent of Gabriel Bethlen . During his time, the tense relationship between the castle rulers and the citizens of the city of Kesmark, which had already been strained in his father's time, worsened. Quarrels and hostilities, staged by both sides, were the order of the day. These feuds ended with robbery, pillage and often murder and manslaughter. In 1651 the city of Kesmark managed to free itself from the guardianship of Thököly. However, the city had to pay 50,000 gulden as “ransom” to the Thököly family within one year (so-called Vienna Treaty of April 22, 1651). According to contemporary chronicles, a collection took place among the citizens of Kesmark for this purpose in order to raise this high sum. Thereupon Kesmark was in 1655 by Emperor Ferdinand III. declared a “royal free city”. Stefan I had the Kesmarker Castle converted into a contemporary mansion in the Renaissance style. In 1628 he had the coats of arms of the Thököly and Thurzó families attached to the top of the tower.

Stephan I died on November 8, 1651 in Kesmark and, like his parents, was buried in the Thököly's hereditary funeral in the Church of the Holy Cross in Kesmark.

progeny

Stephan I. was married twice:

His first wife was Sophie Hoffmann, with whom he had two children:

• Sophia (March 9, 1613, † 1619)

• Sigismund (* 1618, † 1678) ⚭ 1st with Zsuzsanna Monoky and 2nd⚭ with Salomea Poghranyi de Nemeskürt

After the death of his first wife, he married Katharina Thorzó (* / †?) In 1620, a daughter of the influential palatine Georg Thurzó (* 1567, † 1616). Katharina brought the Árwa Castle (Slov. Orava) and the associated lordship as a dowry into the marriage. With Katharina Thurzo he had 9 children, but only his son Stephan II. Thököly reached adulthood .

literature

• Christian Genersich : Oddities of the Royal Freystadt Kesmark, Kaschau / Leutschau 1804
• Győző Bruckner : Késmárk és Thököly család, Közlemények Szepes vérmegye múltjábol, 1909 (Hungarian)
• Nora Baráthová: Vzťah rodiny Thökölyovcov k mestu Kežmarok, In: Spiš 5, Košice, Východoslovenske vydavateľstvo 1985 (Slovak)
• Nora Baráthová a Kol .: Osobnosti Kežmarku 1206-2009, Vydavateľstvo Jadro, ISBN 978-80-89426-02-7 , p. 288f (Slovak)
• Anton Klipp: Die Thököly von Kesmark, in Carpathian Yearbook 2019 ISBN 978-80-8175-046-5 , pp. 31 to 46

Web links

• Magyar életrajzi lexicon (Hungarian)

• Family tree (Hungarian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Also called 'magnate board'. As magnate called marin Hungary at that time the "noble noble families until baron " who participated by birthright in legislation, in a special chamber of the magnate panel, deliberated and voted.