Star umbels
| Star umbels | ||||||||||||
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Large star umbel ( Astrantia major ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Astrantia | ||||||||||||
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The genus Sterndolde ( Astrantia ) belongs to the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).
features
The star umbels are perennial herbaceous plants . The leaves are simply pinnate or pinnate.
The flowers are in simple umbels , which are surrounded by numerous conspicuous bracts of white to reddish color. The umbels are single and terminal or several umbels come together to form an apparently composite umbel. The umbel stalk has no bracts, the side umbel stalks have two to three bracts.
The flowers are hermaphroditic or male with a stunted ovary , rarely female. The male flowers are long stalked, the hermaphrodite shorter; but both stand in an umbel. The calyx teeth are clearly defined and often longer than the petals . These are pure white or reddish. The upper half is hammered in, the point is bent upwards. The stamens are twice as long as the petals. The stylus pad is small and round. The edge is weakly notched and thickened. The stylus is long and thread-shaped.
The fruits are unbeaked. The shape is oblong to ovoid. At the top are the calyx rim and stylus. The main ribs have protruding, hollow structures, making them warty-rough. The oil streaks in the main ribs are clearly present. A carpophore is not trained.
Systematics
The genus belongs to the subfamily Saniculoideae . There are nine species, four of which are found in Central Europe:
- Bavarian star umbel ( Astrantia bavarica F.W.Schultz )
- Carniolan star umbel ( Astrantia carniolica Jacq. ), Occurs in Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Italy and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
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Large star umbel ( Astrantia major L. ), with six subspecies, two of which are in the Alps:
- Astrantia major subsp. involucrata (WDJKoch) Ces.
- Astrantia major L. subsp. major
- Small star umbel ( Astrantia minor L. )
Other types:
- Astrantia colchica Albov , occurs only in Georgia.
- Astrantia maxima Pall. , occurs in Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan and Georgia.
- Astrantia pauciflora Bertol. , occurs only in Italy.
- Astrantia pontica Albov , occurs in Georgia and Russia.
- Astrantia trifida Hoffm. , occurs in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Russia.
photos
Large star umbel ( Astrantia major )
Small star umbel ( Astrantia minor ), flower
Small star umbel ( Astrantia minor ), leaf
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Arno Wörz: Systematics and evolution of the genus Astrantia L. (Apiaceae-Saniculoideae). In: Botanical yearbooks for systematics and plant geography. Vol. 121, No. 4, 1999, pp. 507-536.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Ralf Hand: Apiaceae. Astrantia In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011, accessed on December 3, 2013.
