Steyr 380
| Steyr | |
|---|---|
 Steyr 380
|
|
| 380 | |
| Manufacturer: | Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG |
| Sales designation: | Steyr Diesel 380 |
| Production period: | 1948-1953 |
| Previous model: | none |
| Successor: | Steyr 380 II |
| Technical specifications | |
| Designs: | Canopy handlebars |
| Engines: | Steyr WD 413, diesel, 5.3 liters |
| Power: | 62.5-66 kW |
| Length: | 6735 mm |
| Width: | 2200 mm |
| Height: | 2127 mm |
| Wheelbase: | 3710 mm |
| Payload: | 3.5 t |
| Perm. Total weight: | 6.65 t |
The Steyr 380 , also known as the Steyr Diesel 380 , is a 3½ or 4-ton truck from Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG , which was built around 26,000 times between 1948 and 1953. It is the first post-war Steyr truck that was offered with a diesel engine, and at the same time the cornerstone of the Steyr commercial vehicle range of the post-war period. The Steyr 380 was offered with many different bodies, including a three-way tipper and a bus. In 1953 the Steyr 380 was replaced by the technically revised Steyr 380 II.
history
Before the Second World War, Steyr-Daimler-Puch was primarily a car manufacturer. Since after the end of the Second World War, especially the transport and agriculture were to be strengthened, but passenger cars were considered a luxury good and it was foreseeable that Steyr-Daimler-Puch would not develop into a major car manufacturer in Europe in the long term, the company's concept was born fundamentally changed. The car production was discontinued in favor of a tractor and truck production in Steyr, from then on motorcycles were built in Graz. After the end of the war there was initially no diesel engine available, so that the first post-war products were equipped with gasoline engines from 1946 onwards. In the meantime, work was being carried out on the development of a modular diesel engine, which came onto the market in 1947 as a tractor engine and in 1948 as a truck engine. Thanks to the modular concept, Steyr-Daimler-Puch was able to offer a large range of models and still work with efficient mass production. The first truck in this model range was the Steyr 380 in 1948. Its successor from 1953 was the mainly technically revised Steyr 380 II. From the outside, the Steyer 380 II differs from the Steyr 380 by the modified radiator grille.
technology
The Steyr 380 is a two-axle truck in hood handlebar design with a longitudinally installed front engine and rear-wheel drive . It has a ladder frame welded together from sheet steel profiles, which was also offered as a low frame for the bus version of the vehicle with an enlarged wheelbase and lower frame top edge. The rear axle is a sheet-metal pressed rigid axle that is suspended from longitudinal leaf springs. The front axle is drop-forged and designed as a fist axle, it is also suspended from leaf springs. Oil pressure shock absorbers are also installed on the front axle . All around the Steyr 380 has steel disc wheels with flat base rims of the dimension 4⅓R – 20, on which tires of the size 7.5–20 in are mounted. It has double tires on the rear axle. Hydraulically operated drum brakes with servo assistance are installed; the parking brake acts on the rear wheels via a cable. The steering is a worm steering with a swivel castor without power assistance.
The Steyr 380 is driven by a four-stroke naturally aspirated diesel engine, type Steyr WD 413 , with four cylinders in line, side camshaft, hanging valves , wet sump lubrication and liquid cooling. Its displacement is 5.3 liters, the output is specified as 85 hp , later 90 hp (62.5 or 66 kW ). The engine's crankcase is cast from silumin , the cylinders have wet liners made from gray cast iron . Each cylinder has an individually removable cylinder head made of silumin. The drop-forged crankshaft has five bearings and is made of steel. The fuel is a series injection pump fed to the injector and injected into the atria. The engine is started with an electric starter . The tank is located in the engine compartment.
Which is the engine torque through a single dry on a manually-switching, non-synchronized five-speed gearbox transferred, which has an additional reverse gear. The first two forward gears are straight-toothed, gears three to five are helically toothed and are shifted by means of claw sleeves. The torque is transmitted to the rear axle via a two-part cardan shaft , and the spiral-toothed bevel gear axle differential can be locked. The driver's cab attached to the platform version is soundproofed, offers space for three people and has a split windscreen. The bed has an area of 8.2 m 2 ; In addition, a hydraulically tiltable platform with an area of 6.7 m 2 was available.
Construction variants
The Steyr 380 was available with different body variants and three different wheelbases (3260 mm, 3710 mm and 4200 mm).
- 380 flatbed trucks
- 380a bus
- 380b low-frame bus chassis
- 380e high capacity truck chassis
- 380f high capacity truck chassis
- 380k dump truck
- 380g tractor
- 386a panel van
Technical specifications
| Parameters | 380 (1948) | 380 (1949) | 380a | 380 (1950) | 380e | 380f |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| design type | Cot | Bus | Cot | Large capacity truck chassis | Large capacity trucks | |
| Dimensions | 3150 kg | 3200 kg | 4470 kg | 3400 kg | 2750 kg (chassis without body) | 2800 kg (chassis without body) |
| Nominal payload | 3500 kg | 26 people + 400 kg luggage | 3600 kg | 3800 kg | 3800 kg | |
| Maximum permissible total mass | 6650 kg | 6700 kg | 7250 kg | 6900 kg | 7800 kg | |
| length | 6735 mm | 7600 mm | 6735 mm | - | - | |
| width | 2230 mm | 2200 mm | 2200 mm | - | - | |
| height | 2127 mm | 2830 mm | 2127 mm | - | - | |
| wheelbase | 3710 mm | 4200 mm | 3710 mm | 4200 mm | 4200 mm | |
| Gauge | 1740/1650 mm | 1740/1630 mm | 1740/1650 mm | 1740/1630 mm | ||
| Ground clearance | 257 mm | |||||
| Loading area length | 3920 mm | - | 3920 mm | - | - | |
| Loading area width | 2100 mm | - | 2100 mm | - | - | |
| bikes | 4⅓R – 20 | 5S – 2 | ||||
| tires | 7.5–20 in (191–508 mm) | 8.25–20 in (210–508 mm) | ||||
| Engine model | Steyr WD 413 | |||||
| Engine type | Water-cooled in-line four-cylinder diesel engine | |||||
| Mixture preparation | Pre-chamber injection with in-line injection pump | |||||
| Displacement | 5322 cm 3 | |||||
| Bore × stroke | 110 mm × 140 mm | |||||
| Nominal power (DIN 70020) | 62.5 kW (85 hp) at 2200 min -1 | 66 kW (90 hp) at 2300 min -1 | ||||
| Compression ratio | 22: 1 | |||||
| transmission | Unsynchronized five-speed gearbox | |||||
| coupling | Single-disc dry clutch | |||||
| Top speed | 77.5 km / h | 73.5 km / h | 73.1 km / h | 77.5 km / h | - | - |
| Climbing ability | 32% | 36% | - | - | ||
| Volume of the fuel tank | 75 l | |||||
| Fuel consumption (DIN 70030) | 15 l / 100 km | 16-20 l / 100 km | 14.5-18 l / 100 km | - | - | |
| alternator | 12 V, 0.3 kW | |||||
| Starter | 24 V, 2.9 kW | |||||
| battery | 2 × lead acid accumulator, 12 V, 90 Ah | |||||
| source | Brochure No. 14365 | Brochure No. 16197 | Brochure No. 16272 | Brochure No. 22519 | Brochure no.27046 | Brochure no.27046 |
literature
- Josef Nagler: Blätter für Technikgeschichte , Volume 26, Springer, Vienna, 1964, ISBN 978-3-7091-5752-7 , p. 62 ff.
Web links
Collection of brochures and data sheets on zuckerfabrik24.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Zuckerfabrik24.de: Steyr Diesel Motoren from 1947 - WD 113 to WD 613 (accessed on May 11, 2018)
- ↑ Zuckerfabrik24.de: Technical data of the Steyr diesel truck type 380 (accessed on May 11, 2018)
- ↑ Zuckerfabrik24.de: Technical details "Steyr WD 413" (accessed on May 11, 2018)
- ↑ Zuckerfabrik24.de: Technical data of the Steyr Diesel Omnibus Type 380a (accessed on May 11, 2018)
- ↑ Zuckerfabrik24.de: Caractéristiques Modéle WD 413 (French, accessed on May 11, 2018)
- ↑ a b Zuckerfabrik24.de: Technical details "Steyr WD 413" (accessed on May 11, 2018)
