Still life with partridge and iron gloves
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| Still life with partridge and iron gloves |
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| Jacopo de 'Barbari , 1504 |
| oil on wood |
| 52 × 42.5 cm |
| Old Pinakothek Munich |
Still Life with Partridge and Iron Gloves is an oil painting by Jacopo de 'Barbaris created in 1504 . The trompe-l'œil , measuring 52 x 42.5 cm, is the first known independent still life since ancient times. The painting is now in the collection of the Alte Pinakothek in Munich.
motive
You can see a hunted partridge , iron gloves and a crossbow bolt , the shadows are also reproduced true to life. A cartellino with signature, date and Barbari's symbol, the rod of Mercury, is “stuck” on the lower right . The image carrier is a wooden panel, but the background is also painted. Since the artist also reproduces imperfections in the wood, this appears believable. The signature shows that Barbari saw this panel painting as an independent work of art, which was unusual until then. There is no religious reference and it is uncertain whether the objects depicted - such as the partridge ( Latin perdix) - have a meaning of their own. An allusion to Perdix , the nephew and student of Daedalus , is possible, but not mandatory . Among other things, he was the inventor of the saw and the circle . After his master's assassination attempt, he was transformed into a partridge by Athene (after Ovid's Metamorphoses ) .
It was probably intended as an inventory of a hunting room, for example as an original cabinet paneling. Paintings that were deceptive to the eyes were an unusual novelty at the time.
history
Trompe-l'œil still lifes existed in ancient Greece. The best known is the anecdote of the competition between Zeuxis and Parrhasios . Accordingly, Zeuxis deceived birds with painted grapes, but Parrhasios Zeuxis with a painted curtain. Still lifes did not appear in medieval art at first, as the visible world was considered a deceptive veil in front of the “real” divine world. Everyday objects appear only as attributes of saints. Only in the 14th century did this attitude change and the first medieval examples are the frescoes from 1337 in the Baroncelli Chapel in Florence by Taddeo Gaddi . The niches painted there are, however, still somewhat clumsy in perspective and only elements of a larger whole. Barbari was the first to make a still life the sole motif and thus founded a new genre.
reception
Today, the small-format panel painting is considered the most important and influential work of Barbari. The artist was controversial during his lifetime. Albrecht Dürer , who was heavily influenced by Barbari, writes in a letter from Venice : Anthoni Kolb (swears) an oath that there was no better moler on earth than Jacob. The others scoff at being, speak: if he were good as much as he was here (in Venice).
Individual evidence
- ↑ inventory number 5066; 1804 from Neuburg Castle a. d. Danube, where it has been detectable there since 1764; Entry in the online catalog of the Alte Pinakothek (accessed December 1, 2018).
- ↑ a b c d Florian Heine - The first time. How new things came into art , Munich: Bucher Verlag 2007 pp. 77 ff ISBN 978-3-7658-1511-9
- ^ Ovid - Metamorphoses. The book of myths and metamorphoses , Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Verlag 1992 p. 190 f. ISBN 3-596-10497-1 . License from Artemis Verlag, Zurich and Munich 1989
- ↑ a b lrz-muenchen.de. Archived from the original on February 13, 2005 ; accessed on January 18, 2016 .
