Stockfish

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Stockfish

Stock logo.jpg
Basic data

developer Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott and the developer community
Publishing year November 2, 2008
Current  version 11
(January 18, 2020)
operating system portable, u. a. Microsoft Windows, GNU / Linux, Android, macOS, iOS
programming language C ++
category Computer chess
License GNU GPLv3 +
www.stockfishchess.org

Stockfish (English for cod ) is a free chess program , developed Costalba and a large community of developers by Tord Romstad, Joona Kiiski and Marco and under the GNU General Public License is available. The current version 11, published on January 18, 2020, is available in compiled versions for Windows , Linux and macOS (from version 10.11 El Capitan ), for Apple iOS version 2.13.0 is available. An implementation for mobile devices with the Android operating system exists both as an independent program with a user interface under the name DroidFish and in the form of an importable engine for the free program Chess for Android and comparable programs with which the use of various engines is possible. Stockfish can also be used on e-book readers from the Kindle , Kobo and PocketBook brands with the help of the paid program pbchess .

The program uses the UCI protocol and can therefore be operated under different chess frontends . It can use up to 512 processor cores in parallel in multi-processor systems or in computers with multi-core processors , the maximum size of the hash tables is 1 terabyte . The further development of the Glaurung program developed by Romstad (last version 2.2 from December 2008) uses an alpha-beta search and bitboards . It is written in the C ++ programming language. The main version supports endgame databases from version 6.0 . Other programmers have provided an alternative Stockfish 2.0.1 version with access to Gaviota endgame tables, along with other changes.

A match against Daniel Naroditsky , who was able to analyze 3 during the games with the computer program Rybka , was won by Stockfish in July 2014 with 3.5: 0.5. In August 2014, Stockfish won a match against Hikaru Nakamura 3-1. Nakamura was also able to use Rybka in two games, and received a pawn handicap in two other games .

At the end of 2018, Stockfish, together with Houdini and Komodo, topped most of the rankings in computer chess. In addition to the stable main version, current development versions are also available for download, which usually have a little more skill than the respective main version.

Stockfish is currently being developed through distributed computing on a public test framework .

In 2017 the AlphaZero program won against Stockfish 8 with 64:36 (+28 = 72 −0). The thinking time was 1 minute per move, the programs played without an opening library and endgame database, 10 of the 100 games were published. AlphaZero previously played games against itself, which gave AlphaZero an intuition for opening and endgame. The Stockfish timing module for critical positions has been rendered obsolete by the time mode. AlphaZero's hardware resources were considerably higher than Stockfish's. A year old version of Stockfish was also used, so the validity of this result remains doubtful.

In August 2020, in addition to the traditional evaluation function, the developers presented a so-called NNUE evaluation (efficiently updatable neural network) for Stockfish, which was originally used in a Shogi program. A neural network that has been trained with millions of positions takes over the evaluation. First test results showed a significant increase in the skill level of the program.

The Norwegian programmer Steinar H. Gunderson uses a current development version of Stockfish under the name Sesse on strong hardware (20 × 2.3 GHz Haswell EP ) for the live analysis of Magnus Carlsen's games .

Literature (selection)

  • Lyudmil Tsvetkov: Human Versus Machine. How To Beat Stockfish and Komodo. Part I. 2017, ISBN 978-1-54991678-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ abrok.eu/stockfish/
  2. ↑ DroidFish Chess in the Google play store . Peter Österlund. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
  3. ↑ Larry Kaufman : Stockfish depth vs. others; challenge . In: talkchess.com . November 24, 2013. Retrieved March 8, 2014.
  4. ↑ Erik Kislik : IM Erik Kislik analyzes the TCEC Superfinal in-depth . In: susanpolgar.blogspot.hu . June 6, 2014. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
  5. ^ Stockfish 6 announcement . stockfishchess.org. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
  6. ^ Analysis friendly Stockfish
  7. ↑ Stockfish_PA_GTB (source code)
  8. ↑ Can a GM and Rybka beat Stockfish? , Chess.com, August 8, 2014.
  9. ↑ Stockfish Outlasts "Rybkamura" , Chess.com, August 24, 2014.
  10. ↑ CCRL 40/40 Rating List - All engines (best versions only) . computerchess.org.uk. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  11. ↑ CEGT Best Versions . cegt.net. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
  12. ↑ CCRL 40/4 Rating List . CCRL. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  13. ^ Stockfish Testing . February 13, 2013. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
  14. ↑ Artificial intelligence beats the world's best chess computer (December 6, 2017)
  15. ↑ Peter Doggers (PeterDoggers): AlphaZero: Reactions from Top GMs and Stockfish Programmers - Chess.com . In: Chess.com . ( chess.com [accessed December 28, 2017]).
  16. ↑ Introducing NNUE Evaluation , Stockfish Blog, August 6, 2020
  17. ↑ sesse.net , accessed on April 29, 2019.