Druzhkivka tram

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Druzhkivka tram
KTM-5 083 on the Ploschtscha Lenina (2009)
KTM-5 083 on the Ploschtscha Lenina (2009)
Route of the Druzhkivka tram
Gauge : 1524 mm ( Russian gauge )

The Druhkivka tram has been operating in the Ukrainian city ​​of Druhkivka in Donetsk Oblast since 1945 .

history

With the support of the local machine factory and the residents, construction of the tram began in Druschkivka in August 1945 . The first section with a length of 1.5 kilometers was built on a single track and led from the central Ploshcha Lenina (Lenin Square) past the machine factory to the bridge over the Krywyj Torez (final stop “Mist” (bridge)) just before the station . It opened on December 5, 1945. The extension by 0.7 kilometers to the train station (“Salisnytschnyj Voksal”) took place on May 1, 1946. At the city-side end, exactly one year later, on May 1, 1947, the extension to the “Technika” stop, where a later one Depot was built. In 1949 the route was extended slightly from there to the “Miska Likarnja” (municipal hospital) loop. This completed the route on Line 1, it is 4.0 kilometers long.

This single single-track tram line remained for two decades. It was not until 1968 that plans for further expansion came up, including the construction of a new depot. In June 1969 the route to the Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj (Gorgas) was opened. It was built on two tracks, which also included the expansion of the shared section of line 1, and served by line 2 (Miska Likarnja – Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj). In 1974 the route from the Mikrorajon Sonjachnyj to the Mikrorajon Maschynobudiwnikiw was extended. In 1977 the line to the Myrnyj Mikrorajon was built, where the new depot with space for 50 trams was built. This route was served by line 3. In March 1981 the route to Uniwermag Majak was opened, which was served by line 4. It operated to the Mikrorajon Maschynobudiwnikiw, line 2 was then withdrawn to the Mikrorajon Sonjachnyj. In 1983, the extension from the municipal hospital to the Porzeljanowy Sawod (porcelain factory) took place, the operation of which was taken over by lines 2 and 5. This completed the expansion of the tram network. The track length at that time was 26.4 kilometers, of which 24.7 kilometers were for regular services. The following route network existed from 1983 to the beginning of the 90s:

Line 1 Miska Likarnja – Salisnytschnyj Woksal (Russian: Gorbolniza – Woksal)

Line 2 Porzeljanowy Sawod – Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj (Russian: Farforowy Sawod – Mikrorajon Solnetschny)

Line 3 Depo (Mikrorajon Myrnyj) –Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj (Russian: Depo (Mikrorajon Mirny) –Mikrorajon Solnetschny)

Line 4 Uniwermag Majak – Mikrorajon Maschynobudiwnikiw (Russian: Uniwermag Majak – Mikrorajon Maschinostroitel)

Line 5 Porzeljanowy Sawod – Depo (Mikrorajon Myrnyj) (Russian: Farforowy Sawod – Depo (Mikrorajon Mirny))

In the 1980s there were plans for further routes that would have made a ring closure possible. This route should have branched off from the route to Porzeljanowy Sawod and then along the southwestern outskirts at the intersection of the route to the depot and then along the southeastern outskirts to the Mikrorajon Sonjachnyj. The route for this was kept free, but it was no longer built.

All lines built from 1969 onwards are double-tracked, but the line 1, with the exception of the section shared by other lines, was never extended to double-track.

After Ukraine gained independence in 1991, conditions for the transport companies deteriorated due to a lack of financial support. Line 3 was discontinued in the early 1990s, but the entire route was still served by other lines. In 2002 the line to Porzeljanowy Sawod was closed, lines 2 and 5 were shortened to Miska Likarnja. On November 5, 2002, line 4 was closed, which led to the closure of the Mikrorajon Sonjachnyj-Mikrorajon Maschynobudiwnikiw section. The route to Uniwermag Majak was also without scheduled services, but was not closed. In 2003, only one car ran on line 1 and another on line 2 or 5. From May 2003 to October 2004, only line 1 ran. From November 2004, line 1 was increased to three cars, and line 5 was again used with one car Put into operation. On May 5, 2005, a new line 6 was put into operation, it ran from the depot (Mikrorajon Myrnyj) to Uniwermag Mayak. On January 4th, lines 2 and 4 were put back into operation, but only as far as the Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj. Line 6 was closed again soon afterwards.

Despite a few other short-term closures and reopening of individual lines, during which only line 1 was in constant operation, this network with lines 1, 2, 4 and 5 lasted until 2008. In 2008, lines 4 and 5 were closed, they only remained Lines 1 (two to three cars) and 2 (one to two cars). In 2010, line 4 was put back into operation with one car.

On September 6, 2013, the line to Porzeljanowyj Sawod was put back into operation, but only on a single track. For this purpose, switches were installed at the Miska Likarnja immediately after the junction and at the Porzeljanowyj Sawod turning loop. The tracks, which had already been asphalted in places, were exposed, and dismantled tracks had to be replaced in the area of ​​the bridge over the Kasennyj Torez . The overhead line was dismantled on the entire route after the closure, it was restored over the track on the south side. The second track, which is no longer used, was subsequently dismantled on the sections independent of the road.

The following route network was in place since September 6, 2013:

Line 1 Miska Likarnja – Salisnytschnyj Woksal (Russian: Gorbolniza – Woksal)

Line 2 Porzeljanowy Sawod – Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj (Russian: Farforowy Sawod – Mikrorajon Solnetschny)

Line 4 Uniwermag Mayak – Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj (Russian: Uniwermag Mayak – Mikrorajon Solnetschny)

On October 28, 2014, the route to the Maschynobudiwnikiw microrajon, which was closed in 2002, was put back into operation. Here, too, tracks had to be exposed on an asphalted section, and the overhead contact line had to be restored. In contrast to the reopening of the line to Porzeljanowyj Sawod in 2013, the line to the Mikrorajon Maschynobudiwnikiw was reactivated on two tracks. The final stop is now called "200 Planiw" (Russian: "200 Planow") after the neighboring district. The route is served by the extended line 4, line 2 continues to end at the Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj (now also known as "Gorgas").

The following lines have been operating since October 28, 2014:

Line 1 Miska Likarnja – Salisnytschnyj Woksal (Russian: Gorbolniza – Woksal)

Line 2 Porzeljanowy Sawod – Mikrorajon Sonjatschnyj (Russian: Farforowy Sawod – Mikrorajon Solnetschny / Gorgas)

Line 4 Uniwermag Majak – Mikrorajon Maschynobudiwnikiw / 200 Planiw (Russian: Uniwermag Majak – Mikrorajon Maschinostroitel / 200 Planow)

In 2015, line 4 was restricted to operation Monday to Friday, but since then line 2 has been running on weekends via Mikrorajon Sonjachnyj to 200 Planiw.

The route to the depot (Mikrorajon Myrnyj) is operational, but without regular traffic.

vehicles

At the opening of tram operations in 1945, the Donetsk tram took over two two-axle, two-way motor cars of the type Ch . After the extension of Line 1 and the construction of reversing loops made it possible to use one-way cars, four two-axle type KTM-1 railcars were purchased in 1949 to replace the two originally procured railcars. The four KTM-1 made up the entire vehicle fleet until 1957. In accordance with the usual practice of purchasing the KTM-1 as a train with a KTP-1 sidecar, a train of this type was added in 1957 and 1959. The four existing railcars were not supplemented by sidecars.

From 1962, the vehicle fleet was expanded further with the successor type KTM-2 / KTP-2 , of which one train each was procured in 1962, 1964 and 1966. In 1968 six trains of this type were added. In 1972 a KTM-1 was taken out of service, but in 1975 two KTM-1 / KTP-1 trains were taken over from Donetsk.

In 1976, the procurement of the four-axle type KTM-5 (sub-type KTM-5M3, 71-605) began. Ten KTM-5s were delivered in 1976, six each in 1977 and 1978. This made it possible to retire all two-axle vehicles by 1977. A total of 40 KTM-5s were procured by 1989 (one of which was used from Mariupol ), they were given the numbers 50 to 89. As early as 1986, individual KTM-5s were retired. After 1989 it was no longer possible to procure new trams. The stock continued to decline, in 2013 there were still 14 KTM-5 in stock.

On April 28, 2015, the Tatra T3SUCS 7088, built in 1985, was taken over from Kharkiv ; it was originally used in Prague . The T3SUCS 6957 followed in July 2015. In October 2015, the T3SU 7010 was added, which was not used in Kharkiv. In 2018, five more T3SUCS and one T3SU from Kharkiv, which had previously also been taken over by various Czech tram operators, were taken over. These used vehicles are in use in Druschkiwka under their previous number.

business

The daily operating time is relatively short, with operations starting at around 6:15 a.m. and closing at around 5:30 p.m. In 2013, seven railcars were required as planned, three each for lines 1 and 2 and one for line 4. For the timetable valid from October 2014, eight railcars were required as planned, line 4 requires two railcars instead of one. One circuit of line 1 is only in use in the morning. All lines run approximately every 18 minutes, line 1 every 12 minutes in the morning.

The destination signs for the trams are only in Russian. Some of the names used differ from those mentioned above, so the name “Mikrorajon Maschinostroitel” is used for today's terminus of line 2 instead of “Mikrorajon Solnetschny”. The north-western terminus of line 4 is called "Ploschtschad Lenina", although the square itself is on line 1.

photos

KTM-5 084 with the inscription for the 65th anniversary of the Druschkiwka tram as line 1 shortly before the final stop at the train station (2010)
KTM-5 078 as line 2 on the route to Porzeljanowyj Sawod, the track in the foreground has been closed (2013)
KTM-5 085 as line 4 on the 2014 reopened route to the Mikrorajon Maschynobudiwnikiw (200 Planiw) (2015)

literature

  • Druzhkivka. In: Serhij Tarchow, Kost Koslow, Aare Olander: Elektrotransport Ukrajini. Encyclopedychny Putivnyk. Warto, Kyjiw 2010, ISBN 978-966-2321-11-1 , pp. 200-205.

Web links

Commons : Druzhkivka tram  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://dnl.dn.ua/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=18679:2013-09-11-11-01-31&catid=1:dr-news&Itemid=2
  2. ↑ http://druzhko.org/2013/09/11/tramvajnoe-soobshhenie-s-poselkom-donskoj-vosstanovleno/
  3. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from October 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / drulive.com
  4. ↑ На «200 планов» восстановлено движение трамваев ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Russian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dr.dn.ua
  5. ↑ http://transphoto.ru/list.php?t=1&cid=39
  6. ↑ Дружковка, трамвайный вагон № 7088
  7. ↑ Дружковка, трамвайный вагон № 7088
  8. ↑ Дружковка, трамвайный вагон № 7088
  9. ↑ Timetable posted on the tram (2013)
  10. ↑ Timetable posted on the tram (2015)