Synagogue (Vallendar)
The synagogue in Vallendar , a town in the Mayen-Koblenz district in Rhineland-Palatinate , was built in 1856/57 and destroyed in 1938. Only the east facade of the building at Eulerstraße 3 remains today.
history
The place already had around 50 Jewish residents in the 18th century, and a further increase has been recorded especially since 1820. In 1932 Mallendar and Niederwerth were affiliated with the Vallendar Jewish community . The community size was 81 in 1822, 174 in 1885 and 125 in 1932. For 1938 there are still 15 families recorded, for 1942 41 people.
A prayer room had been set up in a house on Löhrgasse since 1795. In 1855, the Vallendar Jewish community acquired a plot of land in Eulsgasse (today Eulerstraße) and built a synagogue there in 1856/57 . The city architect Hermann Nebel from Koblenz designed the plans . The foundation stone was laid on April 18, 1856. The text of the certificate inlaid in the foundation stone read:
“With the help and worship of God, the Israelite community in Vallendar, which consists of 21 poor families, has partly from its own funds, partly from a passive capital raised here by Mr. Alexander Bender and partly from the proceeds of a collection approved by the Israelites of the Rhine Province A building site bought by Matthias Raffauf in Eulsgasse zu Vallendar founded a new synagogue, the construction of which the temporary mayor Johann Friedrich Schmitz von Vallendar and the Israelite board of directors Bermann Scheye, David Götz and Joseph Loeb were actively involved in with God's assistance. May the company be pleasing to the Almighty and receive the heavenly blessing for which we all humbly ask ... "
On August 7, 1857, the synagogue was opened by the chief rabbi Dr. Israel Schwarz (1828–1875) from Cologne inaugurated. The synagogue was a three-axis hall structure 7.70 m wide and 14 m long. The entrance facade was provided with square corner pilaster strips , tower-like quarry stone attachments and a toothed frieze .
Destruction of the synagogue
As part of the November pogroms , SA men broke into the synagogue during morning prayer on November 10, 1938, desecrated and devastated it. The men of the Jewish community present had to carry the 15 Torah scrolls to the police in their prayer robes . On November 12th, the synagogue was set on fire and burned to the ground. The Torah scrolls were also burned and the ritual objects were confiscated by the Gestapo .
In 1957, a master blacksmith bought the property. He converted the synagogue ruins into a residential building with a workshop. All that remains of the synagogue is the east wall with the rose window , which is protected as a monument .
See also
literature
- "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Edited by Stefan Fischbach u. a., ed. from the State Office for Monument Preservation Rhineland-Palatinate u. a., Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , pp. 373-374 (Memorial Book of Synagogues in Germany, Vol. 2).
- Ursula Reuter: Jewish communities from the early 19th to the beginning of the 21st century . Bonn 2007, p. 87 ( Historical Atlas of the Rhineland , VIII.8), ISBN 978-3-7749-3524-2 .
Web links
- Vallendar Synagogue near Alemannia Judaica (with historical photo)
Coordinates: 50 ° 24 '4.6 " N , 7 ° 37' 0.7" E