Bytom Synagogue

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Coordinates: 50 ° 20 ′ 57 ″  N , 18 ° 55 ′ 41 ″  E

Map: Poland
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Bytom Synagogue​
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Poland
Bytom Synagogue; Photo from 1904 (from the book Illustrated Guide through the Upper Silesian Industrial Area )
Memorial plaque with inscriptions in Polish, German, English and Hebrew

The Synagogue of Beuthen ( Polish Synagoga w Bytomiu ) was located on what was then Friedrich-Wilhelm-Ring (or Friedrich-Wilhelm-Platz ) in the Upper Silesian city ​​of Beuthen (or Polish Bytom), which was a German until the German invasion of Poland in 1939 Was a border town near the Second Polish Republic .

history

The synagogue was built in 1869, replacing an older one. The foundation stone was laid on May 25, 1868, the ceremonial opening took place on July 2, 1869 and the inauguration on December 2 of the same year. The architect was Freuding from Berlin, and the construction contract was carried out by Ritter from Beuthen. Dr. Felix Kopfstein, a lawyer and notary by profession, became a rabbi there in 1889 . Hermann Davidsohn, the father of Magnus Davidsohn and grandfather of Ilse Stanley, was chief cantor for over 40 years .

The synagogue was burned down during the November pogroms in 1938 . Previously, Joseph Goebbels had given an anti-Semitic speech in Beuthen on November 7 , in which he called for retribution against the Jews. They had to wait for hours in front of their burning synagogue. The members of the Jewish community of Beuthen were among the first victims of the Shoah : They were in the first concentration camp transport and were murdered with gas on February 15, 1942 in "Bunker I" in Auschwitz I concentration camp .

Commemoration

On November 9, 2007, the 69th anniversary of the “Kristallnacht”, a memorial plaque was set up at the location, which was made by the artist Stanisław Pietrusę and sponsored by the German Foreign Office . The unveiling took place in the presence of the German consul Ludwig Neudorfer, the Beuthener Mayor Piotr Koj of the Jewish community and representatives.

See also

Web links

Commons : Synagoge Bytom  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ HH Kuttner: Obituary - Magnus Davidsohn ( Memento of the original from April 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ajr.org.uk archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 6.1 MB) , AJR Information, Association of the Jewish Refugees in Great Britain, Vol. XIII No. 10, 1958, p. 6
  2. ↑ Address book of the city of Beuthen OS and the rural villages of the district of Beuthen 1880, entry Hermann Davidsohn , accessed on September 15, 2013