Syrian-Ephraimite War

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Syrian-Ephraimite War
date 736 BC Chr.-732 BC Chr.
place Palestine
output Victory of Assyria and Judas
Parties to the conflict

Assyrian Empire , Judah (Empire)

Syria, Northern Reich Israel

Commander

Tukulti-apil-Ešarra III. , Ahaz

Rezin , Pekach


As a Syrian-Ephraimite War , a 733 BC. The war between the states of Damascus and Israel against Judah , allied with Assyria , ended with the victory of Judah and thus also of Assyria.

causes

In 745 BC Tiglat-Pileser III came to Assyria . on the throne. With him began a new period in Assyr's policy of expansion . After Shalmaneser III. (858-824) had undertaken several campaigns to Palestine-Syria, on which he demanded tribute from the conquered peoples, persecuted Tiglat-Pileser III. (745-726) aim to gain a permanent foothold there. 740 to 738 BC Tiglat-Pileser undertook a campaign against Syria and Palestine. In the course of the fighting he captured the city of Hamath and made tribute to several small states. The Israelite king Menahem also submitted to the Assyrian king and pays the high tribute of 1000 talents of silver (2 Kings 15, 17-20). A profound change took place when Tiglat-Pileser III. 734 BC BC subjugated the Philistine state of Gaza . As early as 733 BC An alliance of a number of Syrian-Palestinian small states came about, including King Rezin of Aram , King Hiram II of Tire and King Pekach of Israel. This alliance exerted enormous pressure on the southern kingdom of Judah under King Ahaz , who was also supposed to join the anti-Assyrian alliance. However, Ahaz refused any military intervention.

procedure

Then Rezin of Damascus and Pekach from Israel tried to depose Ahaz, to bring an Aramean to the Judean throne and to force Judah into an alliance. Against the warning of the prophet Isaiah , Ahaz allied himself with the Assyrian king and asked him to intervene against Israel and Damascus . As early as 733 BC Went Tiglat-Pileser III. also against Israel and conquered all of Galilee and the East Bank . He divided the conquered territories into three provinces " Dor ", " Megiddo " and " Gilead " and placed them under Assyrian governors (2 Kings 15:29). Immediately after his defeat, King Pekah of Israel fell victim to an attack by Hoshea . This Hoschea immediately had King Tiglath-Pileser III. subject. So he was recognized by him as a vassal king and was able to save a " rump state " of the former Israel. He was left with the Efraïm Mountains and the city-state of Samaria . 732 BC Tiglat-Pileser III conquered. Damascus and made the entire Aramaic region into Assyrian provinces. The result of the war was that Tiglat-Pileser III. now ruled the entire area of ​​Syria-Palestine. He had the formerly independent states - such as B. Damascus and the northern part of Israel - incorporated into his empire as provinces, or - like Judah and the rest of Israel - made dependent on him as tribute-paying vassal states.

literature

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