Syrian Communist Party
| الحزب الشيوعي السوري Syrian Communist Party |
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|---|---|
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| founding | 1944 ; originally in 1924 as the Syrian-Lebanese Communist Party |
| resolution | 1986 in two parties |
| Headquarters | Damascus , Syria |
| Alignment |
left , communism , marxism-leninism |
| Colours) | red |
The Syrian Communist Party ( Arabic الحزب الشيوعي السوري, DMG al-ḥizb aš-šuyūʿī as-sūrī , French Parti communiste syrien ) was a political party in Syria .
The party's headquarters were in Damascus , and the general secretary of the Syrian Communist Party was Wisal Farha Bakdasch . The party published its own newspaper, the an-Nour newspaper . Their ideology was Marxist-Leninist communism and Arab socialism , the party logo was the yellow silhouettes of hammer and sickle .
The party had been a member of the Syrian government coalition Progressive National Front since 1972 . It therefore also accepted the de facto one -party rule of Bashar al-Assad's Ba'ath party .
prehistory
It was founded in 1924 as the Communist Party of Syria and Lebanon in Beirut in the area of the then French League of Nations mandate for Syria and Lebanon . Relations with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union were further strengthened in the 1930s . In 1936 Chalid Bakdasch took over the chairmanship of the party. The Syrian-Lebanese Communist Party was in opposition to the Axis- supporting Vichy-French government during World War II and was suppressed, but with the rise of Free France , the party was allowed again. In 1944, two new communist parties emerged from this party, the Lebanese Communist Party in independent Lebanon and the Syrian Communist Party in Syria.
development
The members of the Syrian Communist Party were persecuted like other opposition groups under the authoritarian ruling President Adib al-Shishakli . Because of the growing dissatisfaction with the political situation, members of the communist party, together with Baʿth party members under the leadership of the former president Atassi and Druze officers under the leadership of the Druze leader Sultan al-Atrash, carried out a coup in the Shishakli in February 1954 was overthrown. It is speculated that they were also supported by the Kingdom of Iraq .
In 1954, in Syria's first democratic election, Khalid Bakdash was the first communist to be elected to an Arab parliament. After serious tensions with the communist party, the Syrian government sent a delegation to Egypt for fear of a communist seizure of power , where it was decided to unify the two states. When Syria was finally united with Egypt and the Yemeni Arab Republic in northern Yemen to form the United Arab Republic in 1958 , party members were persecuted more and more.
In 1973, however, the party's Politburo under Riyad al-Turk separated from Bakdash and founded another communist faction; in 1976 the League for Communist Action split off. In the early 1980s there was renewed repression against the communist party. A group around Yusuf Faisal split up from the Syrian Communist Party in 1986 and founded a third communist section in Syria. This group supported the glasnost and perestroika reforms in the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev , while the Bakdash wing opposed them. In 1987, the Syrian Communist Party of the Bakdash Section was the largest political party after the ruling ubiquitous Ba'ath Party . Long-time leader Chalid Bakdasch died in 1995. His son Wisal Farha Bakdasch then took over the chairmanship of the party. In 2004 a pompous celebration of the 80th anniversary of the founding of the party took place. In 2012, the Popular Will Party under Kadri Jamil split off from the Bakdash faction.
Web links
- Syrian Communist Party (official website of the Bakdash section)
- Arabic: an-Nour (Faisal section)
- Arabic: al-Qassioun (party of the people's will)