Victory Day (Turkey)
The Victory Day (Turkish .: Zafer Bayrami) is in Turkey and in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus as a national holiday marked annually on 30 August.
This holiday has been declared a public holiday to commemorate the Turkish victory in the Battle of Dumlupınar during the Greco-Turkish War by the High Command under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in Dumlupınar , a city in the Kütahya Province in western Turkey. After the significant victory, also known as the "Battle of the High Command" (Turkish: Başkomutanlık Meydan Muharebesi), the Greek army was persecuted as far as Izmir . On September 9, 1922, the Turks succeeded in liberating Izmir from Greek occupation. August 30th symbolizes the day on which Turkey was liberated, even if the occupation forces only withdrew from the country's borders later.
Emergence
The major offensive was a secret operation in Turkey's war of liberation in order to defeat the occupying forces with one final and decisive blow and to drive them out of Anatolia. At the session of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on July 20, 1922, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was appointed Commander-in-Chief for the fourth time. Previously, in June, he decided to launch an offensive and secretly proceeded with the preparations. The major offensive began in Afyon on the night of August 26-27 . The enemy troops were besieged in the Aslıhan area , in the city of Kütahya.
background
August 30th, 1924, was celebrated for the first time with a commemoration in Ataturk's presence in a village in Dumlupınar under the name “Victory of the High Command” (Turkish: Başkumandan Zaferi). August 30th was not celebrated until 1924, two years after the actual victory. "This is based on the significant national and international changes in the new Turkey in 1923."
At the first celebration Ataturk emphasized the preservation of the national spirit and laid the foundation stone of the tomb of the unknown soldier with his wife Latife Uşşaki .
This holiday has been celebrated under the name "Victory Day" since 1926. On April 1, 1926, a law stipulated that August 30, Victory Day, should be celebrated by the Turkish army every year, both by the land power and by the navy and the air force . In the same year, the then Defense Minister Recep Peker laid down the exact staging of the celebrations in a decree. There was no commemoration until the mid-1930s that compared to the first ceremony. Due to the importance of the air force for the defense of the country, August 30th was celebrated by the Turkish Aviation Association under the name "Zafer ve Tayyare Bayramı" (German: "Victory and Airplane Holiday").
Victory Day has been celebrated on a larger scale since the 1960s in particular. Every year on August 30th the graduation ceremonies of the military academies of Turkey take place, also on this day the ranks of officers and NCOs are announced. For many years Victory Day was considered a celebration on which the Chief of Staff accepted congratulations. This all changed in 2011 when then President Abdullah Gül, as General Commander, hosted the celebrations.
The celebrations
The day of August 30th is a public holiday in Turkey. The celebrations inside and outside Ankara are organized by the “ Committee for National and Public Holidays, Local Liberation Days, Ataturk Memorial Days and Historical Holidays ”. This committee was selected by the Council of Ministers on April 16, 2012, and some changes were made to it: The Victory Day ceremonies will be carried out in accordance with the protocol of the Directorate General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in coordination with the Chief of Staff. The President visits the Anıtkabir and lays a wreath there. Congratulations are received and the President wishes the people and the participants of the ceremony a happy holiday. The reception is taken over by the president on this holiday. Outside Ankara, wreaths are laid at Ataturk monuments by employers, city commanders and the mayors. While the employers receive congratulations in the house, the city commanders and the mayor receive the congratulations together. The people and the participants in the ceremony are congratulated. While the national anthem is sung, the Turkish flag is hoisted on the flagpole. The ceremonial procession is welcomed by employers, city commanders and mayors from the official gallery. The reception is taken over by the governor. In 2015, due to terrorist incidents, there were no celebrations except for the laying of the wreath and the receipt of congratulations. Other festivals, concerts, festivities and celebrations have also been canceled.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Burhan Sayilir: 30 Ağustos Zafer Bayramı Kanunu, İlk Zafer Kutlaması ve Büyük Taarruz İle İlgili Bazı Bilgiler. In: year: 12, spring 2014, edition: 16, pp. 89–114. Çanakkale Araştırmaları Türk Yıllığı, 2014, archived from the original on April 27, 2015 ; Retrieved February 15, 2017 (Turkish).
- ↑ Yrd. Doç. Dr. Neslihan Altuncuoğlu, İmren Aydın Saydan: KAYSERİ VİLAYET GAZETESİ EKSENİNDE CUMHURİYETİN İLK YILLARINDA KAYSERİ'DE ZAFER BAYRAMI KUTLAMALARI. In: Sayı: 39 Yıl: 2015/2 (145-162 p.). Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, February 2015, accessed February 15, 2017 (Turkish).
- ↑ Daily newspaper Hür Söz from August 30, 1946
- ↑ 30 Ağustos'ta ev sahibi başkomutan. Cafe Siyaset, August 30, 2011, archived from the original on August 20, 2016 ; Retrieved February 15, 2017 (Turkish).
- ↑ Yönetmelik. In: Edition: 28283. Resmî Gazete, May 5, 2012, accessed February 15, 2017 (Turkish).
- ↑ Ömer Şahin: Bayramda resmi törene son. Radikal, May 5, 2012, archived from the original on August 20, 2016 ; Retrieved February 15, 2017 (Turkish).
- ↑ 30 Ağustos kutlamaları iptal edildi. August 2, 2016, archived from the original on December 1, 2015 ; Retrieved September 11, 2016 (Turkish).