Tai Lü
| Tai Lü | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Spoken in |
People's Republic of China , Laos , Thailand , Myanmar , Vietnam | |
| speaker | 550,000 | |
| Linguistic classification |
|
|
| Official status | ||
| Official language in | Xishuangbanna | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639 -1 |
- |
|
| ISO 639 -2 |
tai |
|
| ISO 639-3 |
khb |
|
Tai Lü (also Xishuangbanna -Tai or -Dai; own name in IPA : [ tai51 lɯː11 ]; Chinese 傣 仂 语 , Pinyin Dǎilèyǔ ; Laotian : ພາ ສາ ໄທ ລື້ ; Thai ภาษา ไท ลื้อ ; Vietnamese Lự ) is a language (or a dialect group) from the family of the Tai-Kadai languages . Within this it belongs to the southwest branch of the Tai languages . It is spoken by the members of the Tai Lü people of the same name, who live scattered across several states in Southeast Asia . Tai Lü has around 280,000 speakers in China , where the Lü are classified as part of the Dai , one of the 55 officially recognized national minorities. In Laos the number of speakers is given as 123,000, in Thailand with 83,000, in Myanmar with 60,000 and in Vietnam with around 5,000.
Tai Lü is one of the official languages of the Dai Xishuangbanna Autonomous District in southern China's Yunnan Province .
There are different dialects of the language that form a dialect continuum , i.e. cannot be clearly delimited from one another. There are also such transitions to neighboring, closely related Tai languages, such as the Lanna language (Kam Müang), Lao , the languages of the Khün , Shan and Tai Dón (“white Tai”).
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Tai Lü has its own script developed from the ancient Lanna alphabet (which was historically used for Lanna, Lü and Khün) and is very similar to the other Indian scripts in Southeast Asia.
The modern version of this script ( Neu-Tai-Lue ) was developed in China in the 1950s from an older script ( Tai Le ). Both the older and the newer variants have been used in China since the 1980s.
The new variant has 37 letters for consonants at the beginning of the syllable; 5 of these consonants can be combined with the letter for w; there are 2 tone characters and 16 or 17 characters for vowel nuclei; 7 characters for consonants at the end of the syllable are formed by a diacritical mark; there are two ligatures made up of vowel and consonant characters.
Vowel signs are placed after or in front of the syllable sound consonant. The initial consonants fall into two classes. The tone in which a syllable is pronounced depends on the class of the initial consonant, the syllable structure, the length of the vowel and the tone symbol.
There are numbers of their own.
Unicode ranges
- Tai Le : U + 1950 - U + 197F (6480–6527) = older script
- Neu-Tai-Lue : U + 1980 - U + 19DF = modern script
See also
- Other Dai languages: Tai Nüa , Tai Pong , Tai Dam
- Peoples of china
literature
- Yu Cuirong 喻翠荣, Luo Meizhen 罗美珍: Daile-Han cidian傣 仂 汉 词典 ( Tai Lü - Chinese dictionary ; Beijing, Minzu chubanshe 2004).
- John F. Hartmann: The Lue Language. In: The Tai-Kadai Languages. Routledge, Oxford / New York 2008, pp. 254-297.
- Dāo Shìxūn 刀 世勋: Dǎi-Hàn cídiǎn傣 汉 词典 ( Dai-Chinese dictionary ; Kūnmíng 昆明, Yúnnán mínzú chūbǎnshè 云南 民族 出版社 2002). Tai-Lü dictionary in non-simplified spelling.