Guilhofrei dam
| Guilhofrei dam | ||
|---|---|---|
| location | ||
|
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| Coordinates | 41 ° 35 ′ 9 ″ N , 8 ° 8 ′ 15 ″ W | |
| country |
 Portugal
|
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| place | Guilhofrei parish , Braga district | |
| Waters | Ave | |
| Height upstream | 333.3 m | |
| power plant | ||
| owner | HDN, Energia do Norte, SA | |
| operator | Energias de Portugal (EDP) | |
| Start of operation | 1937 and 1939 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 4.6 + 10 megawatts | |
| Standard work capacity | 11 + 29 million kWh / year | |
| Turbines | 1 Kaplan + 3 Francis turbine | |
| Others | ||
The dam Guilhofrei ( Portuguese Barragem de Guilhofrei ), also known as Dam Ermal (port. Barragem de Ermal ) refers, is in the region of Northern Portugal in Braga District on the territory of the municipality Guilhofrei . It dams the river Ave to a reservoir (Portuguese Albufeira [da Barragem] do Ermal ). About five kilometers downstream is the Andorinha dam .
The dam was completed in 1938. It is used to generate electricity. The dam is owned by HDN, Energia do Norte, SA .
Barrier structure
The barrier structure is a gravity dam made of concrete and masonry with a height of 49 m above the foundation base . The top of the wall lies at a height of 337 m above sea level . The length of the top of the wall is 190 m. The volume of the structure is 55,000 m³.
The dam wall has both a bottom outlet and a flood relief with two gates. A maximum of 445 m³ / s can be discharged via the flood relief. The design flood is 350 m³ / s.
Reservoir
With the normal storage target of 333.3 m (this also corresponds to the maximum storage target during high water), the reservoir extends over an area of around 1.63 km² and holds 21.2 (or 22) million m³ of water - of which 21, 08 (or 17.1) million m³ can be used to generate electricity.
Guilhofrei power plant
The power plant Guilhofrei is provided with an installed power of 4.6 (or 3,972) MW one of the smaller hydroelectric power plants in Portugal. The average annual production is 11 million kWh . The power plant started operation in 1939 with an output of 1.6 MW . In 1995 it was renovated. It is operated by Energias de Portugal (EDP).
machinery
The machines are located in a machine house at the foot of the dam on the left. A Kaplan turbine with a vertical shaft (machine 1) and a Francis turbine with a horizontal shaft (machine 2) are installed. The following table gives an overview:
| machine | Nominal speed (1 / min) | Turbine (MW) | Generator (MVA) | Transformer (MVA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 500 | 2.022 | 2.4 | 5 |
| 2 | 428.6 | 1,950 | 2.67 |
The nominal voltage of the generators is 2 kV . In the switchgear , the generator voltage is increased from 2 kV to 15 kV using power transformers.
Ermal power plant
The power plant Ermal is provided with an installed power of 10 MW one of the smaller hydroelectric power plants in Portugal. The average annual production is 29 million kWh . The power plant started operations in 1937; In 1996 it was renovated. It is operated by EDP.
After the water has left the Guilhofrei power plant, it is directed through a 1,500 m long canal to the storage basin of the Ermal power plant. From there it reaches the machine house via two 198 m long penstocks .
machinery
Two Francis turbines with vertical shafts and different outputs are installed in the machine house. The following table gives an overview:
| machine | Nominal speed (1 / min) | Turbine (MW) | Generator (MVA) | Transformer (MVA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 500 | 6.251 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 2 | 600 | 4,597 | 5.5 | 7.5 |
The nominal voltage of the generators is 2 kV . In the switchgear , the generator voltage is increased from 2 kV to 60 kV using power transformers.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Plano de Ordenamento da Albufeira do ERMAL. (PDF 738 KB pp. 18–19 (16–17)) Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente, accessed on November 12, 2014 (Portuguese): “A albufeira da barragem de Guilhofrei (Ermal) situa-se no rio Ave, a cerca de 4 km a jusante de Vieira do Minho, e localiza-se no concelho de Vieira do Minho. "
- ↑ a b c d e GUILHOFREI DAM. APA Barragens de Portugal, accessed November 12, 2014 .
- ↑ Guilhofrei dam. Structurae International Database for Structures and Civil Engineers, accessed November 12, 2014 .
- ↑ a b c d e Guilhofrei Informação Técnica. EDP , accessed November 12, 2014 (Portuguese).
- ^ Hidroelectricidade em Portugal memória e desafio. (PDF 226 KB pp. 18–19 (16–17)) Speech Eléctrica Nacional, SA (REN), accessed on November 11, 2014 (Portuguese).
- ↑ a b c d DECLARAÇÃO AMBIENTAL 2012. (PDF 16.1 MB p. 25 (23)) EDP , accessed on November 12, 2014 (Portuguese).
- ↑ a b c d e Ermal Informação Técnica. EDP , accessed November 12, 2014 (Portuguese).