Tell Abu Hawam

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Historical view of Tell Abu Hawam

Tell Abu Hawam ( Arabic تل أبو الهوام) is an archaeological excavation site in northern Israel .

location

Tell Abu Hawam is located in the urban area of Haifa , in the Jezreel valley at the mouth of the Kishon into the Mediterranean . The estuary has been changed enormously since the 1980s by the construction of industrial and commercial facilities as well as roads, the excavation site today forms an " island " in the middle of expressways and industrial buildings.

  • Location map

  • Site plan of the excavations 1985 to 2002

  • Amulets and pearls from Tell Abu Hawam

  • Cypriot pottery

Excavations

Excavations were carried out in the 1930s by Robert William Hamilton and in 1963 by Emmanuel Anati. Further excavations took place in 1985–86 and 2001–2002, most recently under Michal Artzy from the University of Haifa .

The tell mainly contains layers from the late Bronze Age, which existed between 1300 and 1180 BC. To be dated. Benjamin Mazar assumes that the settlement was founded at the time of the Egyptian pharaoh Sethos I (approx. 1290–1279 BC) and served as a port for the Jezreel plain. Scarabs with the inscription of Amenhotep II (approx. 1428–1397 BC) come from layer V, but Egyptian ceramics are not available.

North of the settlement is a late Bronze Age II cemetery containing Mycenaean and Cypriot imports.

history

Weinstein (1980), based on finds of late Helladic (SH) IIIA2 ceramics, established the settlement as early as the late 14th century BC. Chr. The SH IIIA and IIIB ceramics (14th and 13th centuries BC) come from the Peloponnese , according to analyzes of the clay (Asaro / Perlman 1973).

The traces of destruction in building layer Va (according to Hamilton) are ascribed either to a campaign by Ramses II (between 1276 and 1270 BC) or by Sethos I (1289 or 1287 BC).

literature

  • Emmanuel Anati: Excavations at the Cemetery of Tell Abu Hawam. In: 'Atiqot 2 (English Series), 1952, 89-102.
  • Emmanuel Anati: Notes and News: Tell Abu Hawam. In: Israel Exploration Journal 13 (1963), 142-143.
  • Emmanuel Anati: Tell Abu Hawam. In: Michael Avi-Yonah (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society 1975, 9-12.
  • F. Asaro / I. Perlman: Provenience Studies of Mycenaean Pottery Employing Neutron Activation Analysis. In: Acts of the International Archaeological Symposium "The Myrenaeans in the Eastern Mediterranean", Nicosia 27th March-2nd April 1972. Nicosia: Department of Antiquities 1973, 213-224.
  • S. Ben-Arieh; G. Edelstein: Tombs Near the Persian Garden. In: 'Atiqot 1977.
  • A. Harif: A Mycenaean Building at Tell Abu-Hawam in Palestine. In: Palestine Exploration Quarterly 106 (1974), 83-90.
  • B. Maisler: The stratification of Tell Abu Hawam on the Bay of Acre. In: Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research 124 (1951), 21-25.
  • James M. Weinstein: Was Tell Abu-Hawam a 19th-Century Egyptian Naval Base? In: Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research 238 (1980), 43-46.

Web links

Commons : Tell Abu Hawam  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 32 ° 48 ′ 3 ″  N , 35 ° 1 ′ 9 ″  E