Titanium oxides

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Chemical compounds of titanium and oxygen are referred to as titanium oxides , with oxygen having the oxidation number (II) and compounds of this type being referred to as oxides . Titanium forms a number of different oxides, of which titanium (IV) oxide (titanium dioxide) is the most important. In addition to this polymorphic oxide, there are a number of non-stoichiometric suboxides of titanium, so-called Magneli phases Ti n O 2n-1 (4 ≤ n ≤ 10) as well as titanium (III) oxide and titanium (II) oxide .

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  • Ti 3 O (TiO 0.33 ) is in a layer structure that is closely related to the anti- bismuth (III) iodide . He owns the space group P 312 (No. 149) .Template: room group / 149
  • Titanium dioxide Ti 2 O (TiO 0.5 ) is a metallic gray solid. It crystallizes in the trigonal anti- cadmium (II) iodide type ( polytype 2H).
  • Titanium (II) oxide TiO: The compound exists in the range from Ti 0.64 O to Ti 1.26 O. It is a golden yellow, electrically conductive powder with a crystal structure of the sodium chloride type. Some sources indicate the range below TiO 0.75 as a further independent compound with a crystal structure of the tantalum nitride type.
  • Titanium (III) oxide Ti 2 O 3 (TiO 1.5 ) is a dark violet powder with a trigonal crystal structure isotype to that of corundum with the space group R 3 c (No. 167) . It exists in the range from TiO 1.49 to TiO 1.51 .Template: room group / 167
  • Anosowit Ti 3 O 5 (TiO 1.66 ) is a dark blue solid that has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group C 2 / m (No. 12) at room temperature . The high-temperature variant that occurs above 120 ° C has an orthorhombic crystal structure of the pseudobrookite type. The compound is a semiconductor up to a temperature of 175 ° C, above which it becomes metallically conductive.Template: room group / 12
  • The Andersson-Magneli phases Ti 4 O 7 to Ti 10 O 19 (TiO 1.75 - TiO 1.90 ) crystallize in the triclinic crystal system with the space group A 1 (space group no. 1, position 3) or P 1 ( No. 1) . In these, TiO 6 octahedra are linked in a complicated way. In addition to these, there is a further homologous series of shear structures in the range from TiO 1.94 to TiO 1.97 (16 n 36).Template: room group / 1.3Template: room group / 1
  • Titanium (IV) oxide TiO 2 is a white solid that occurs naturally in the three modifications rutile , anatase and brookite . In addition, eight other synthetically produced modifications are known.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f François Cardarelli: Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference . Springer, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84628-669-8 , pp. 617 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ a b Ralf Alsfasser, Erwin Riedel, HJ Meyer: Moderne Anorganische Chemie . Walter de Gruyter, 2007, ISBN 3-11-019060-5 , p. 294 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ A. Jostsons, AS Malin: The ordered structure of Ti 3 O. In: Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. 24, pp. 211-213, doi: 10.1107 / S0567740868001974 .
  4. ↑ T. Novoselova, S. Malinov, W. Sha, A. Zhecheva: High-temperature synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of phases in a gamma Ti Al alloy. In: Materials Science and Engineering , 371, 2004, pp. 103-112, doi: 10.1016 / j.msea.2003.12.015 .
  5. ^ A b c Erwin Riedel, Christoph Janiak: Inorganische Chemie . Walter de Gruyter, 2011, ISBN 3-11-022566-2 , p. 793 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  6. ↑ The numbering of this axis position does not correspond to the order of the International Tables for Crystallography , because it is not listed there.