Traíra

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Traíra
Traíra

Traíra

Systematics
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi
Otophysa
Order : Tetras (Characiformes)
Family : Raubsalmler (Erythrinidae)
Genre : Hoplias
Type : Traíra
Scientific name
Hoplias malabaricus
( Bloch , 1794)
Traíra with prey
Traíra from the Rio Pelotas in southern Brazil

The Traíra ( Hoplias malabaricus ) is a medium-sized predatory fish with a wide distribution in South America .

Names

The Traíra or Tiger Tetra is called Tiger Characin or Tiger Fish in English, is called Traíra or Lobó in Brazil, and Rubafo, Calabrote, Moncholo, Mocho, Guabina or Perra Loca in Spanish-speaking countries.

morphology

Traíras have a light brown top, a striped pattern or black-red bands on the flanks and show yellowish, slightly reddish tones towards the belly. Its teeth are relatively sharp and can lead to injuries if handled improperly.

Occurrence

Traíra are among the most common fish species in Brazil. Their distribution area extends from the Río Magdalena in Colombia , the Amazon to the Rio Paraná , Rio Iguaçu and the Lagoa dos Patos in southern Brazil.

Way of life

Hoplias malabaricus shows a high adaptability and can survive due to its air breathing even in very oxygen-poor small bodies of water. The predatory fish are up to 50 centimeters long and weigh up to 3 kilograms. They inhabit different habitats from fast flowing clear water in mountain regions to slow flowing murky rivers with high substrate content in the lowlands. Its high adaptability allows it to penetrate even into small irrigation ditches and ponds. The water temperature should, however, be at least 18 ° C, temperatures of up to 35 ° C with a pH value of 4.8 to 6.9 are tolerated . During the day Hoplias malabaricus spends mostly in the dense aquatic vegetation and robs at night. Young animals feed on small crabs, insect larvae and other aquatic organisms. Adults mainly feed on fish. From 26 ° C water temperature begins Hoplias malabaricus spawn, the cock fish have a strong parental care instinct and protect the eggs from predators. Young animals form smaller groups and schools, their natural enemies include piranhas (e.g. Serrasalmus rhombeus ) and tiger spatula catfish ( Pseudoplastysoma ssp. ).

use

Traíras are edible fish and are kept in pond farms and aquacultures . They are fished in many regions. They also serve as ornamental and aquarium fish.

See also

literature

  • Günther Sterba: Freshwater fish in the world. Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 2002, ISBN 3-89350-991-7 , p. 148.
  • Roberto E. Reis, Sven O. Kullander, Carl J. Ferraris: Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ port. Traídor = traitor due to the night activity and hidden way of life of the fish
  2. ↑ a b c d e Traíra on Fishbase.org (English)
  3. ↑ http://www.acuteangling.com/Reference/SAz-traira.html
  4. ↑ http://www.acuteangling.com/Reference/SAz-traira.html