Tubificida

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Tubificida
Tubifex tubifex

Tubifex tubifex

Systematics
Over trunk : Lophotrochozoa (Lophotrochozoa)
Trunk : Annelids (Annelida)
Class : Belt worms (Clitellata)
Subclass : Little bristle (Oligochaeta)
Subclass : Tubificata
Order : Tubificida
Scientific name of the  subclass
Tubificata
Jamieson , 1988
Scientific name of the  order
Tubificida
Jamieson , 1988

Tubificida is the name of an order in the subclass of belt worms (Clitellata), which includes both freshwater and sometimes saltwater annelids such as the families Naididae and Tubificidae ( mud tubers ) as well as species living on land in the soil, including the Enchytraeidae . Most of them are detritus eaters and substrate eaters .

features

The Tubificida have typical original features of the paraphyletic few bristles such as regular segmentation, a fully developed coelom septate according to segments and acting as a hydroskeleton as well as a primary closed blood vessel system .

The tubificida have a pair of testes in only one segment and a pair of ovaries in the following segment . Correspondingly, the pair of the male lies in front of the female genital orifices, and the spermatic duct leads through the segment following the testicle-bearing segment to the outside (plesiopor). The sperm have no connective and a very short acrosome .

Distribution, habitat and way of life

The Tubificida are distributed worldwide. The majority of the species are freshwater creatures , but there are some marine species, and terrestrial species predominate in the Enchytraeidae family. A large part of the Tubificida are substrate eaters or detritus eaters , which feed on the ingested organic matter and the microorganisms living there.

Systematics

The taxon Tubificida was set up in 1988 by Barrie GM Jamieson as part of a revision of the systematics of Oligochaeta as the only order of the subclass Tubificata that was set up at the same time in the class of belt worms. This view could be confirmed by later molecular genetic studies by Jamieson et al. 2002 cannot be confirmed or refuted. The work of Erséus and Källersjö 2004 speak but who taxa Tubificida as well as the Haplotaxida dissolve in their previous scope, for the white worms with the confirmed as monophyletic group Crassiclitellata are more closely related than with the other Tubificida, in turn, together with the Well worms (Haplotaxidae) are to be regarded as a monophyletic group (the Naididae including former Tubificidae as well as Phreodrilidae , Haplotaxidae and Propappidae were examined in the group ).

According to Barrie GM Jamieson 1988, the order Tubificida comprises the following families :

The monophyletic group mentioned by Erséus and Källersjö 2004, including the genus Tubifex, includes at least the following families , excluding the Enchytraeidae :

literature