Naididae

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Naididae
Tubifex tubifex

Tubifex tubifex

Systematics
without rank: Primordial mouths (protostomia)
Over trunk : Lophotrochozoa (Lophotrochozoa)
Trunk : Annelids (Annelida)
Class : Belt worms (Clitellata)
Order : Little bristle (Oligochaeta)
Family : Naididae
Scientific name
Naididae
Ehrenberg , 1828

The Naididae ( Syn .: Tubificidae Vejdovský , 1876) are a family of annelids (Annelida). They belong to the order of the few bristles (Oligochaeta). They are very different looking, approx. 1–100 mm long worms that occur both in the sea and in fresh water. They also include the fish feeder Tubifex tubifex , which is popular with aquarists .

features

On the one hand, the mud tubeworms have the general characteristics of the belt worms (Clitellata) and the little bristle (Oligochaeta). In addition, they are particularly characterized by their characteristic two-pointed bristles.

Some species (only within the Naidinae ) have developed simple eyes secondarily. Furthermore, penis formations can occasionally occur in the Tubificinae.

Biology and ecology

The Naididae, like the little bristle in general, are basically hermaphrodites. The reproduction therefore takes place in principle via normal bisexual reproduction. In addition, asexual reproduction occurs through chain formation and division (especially in the Naidinae ).

Some species are blood red due to hemoglobin , e.g. B. the Tubifex species. As a result of this and other physiological adaptations, some species have the opportunity to survive for a while under oxygen-free conditions. Some species are used for water quality assessment.

Marine species that live in oxygen-free sulphidic environments often do not have a functioning intestine, but live in symbiosis with special chemoautotrophic bacteria (e.g. genus Inanidrilus ).

Genera that occur in the sludge of rivers or standing inland waters are u. a. Tubifex and Limnodrilus . A mass increase only occurs in bodies of water whose sediments contain a high proportion of usable organic material.

Occurrence

The Naididae occur predominantly in the marine area, but also frequently in fresh water.

Systematics

The Naididae comprise about 800 species and are divided into several subfamilies, some of which were previously or are still being run as families. For example, the Naidinae used to be a family of their own. After the amalgamation with the subfamilies of the Tubificidae at that time, the entire family was renamed Naididae due to the priority rule. On the other hand, the following overall compilation can in part also be understood as the superfamily Tubificoidea , in which most of the subfamilies receive the rank of families. Further molecular genetic research can lead to major changes in the system in the future.

Subfamilies

Molecular genetic studies have shown the following relationships:

In some cases, the following monotypic or monogeneric taxa are also regarded as separate subfamilies, sometimes these can even be found in the system in the family category:

  • Subfamily Dorydrilinae - only 1 genus, Dorydrilus Piguet 1913, with 3 species.
  • Subfamily Lycodrilinae - only 1 genus, Lycodrilus Grube 1873, with several species.
  • Subfamily Parvidrilinae - only 1 recently described genus and species: Parvidrilus spelaeus Erséus 1999.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christer Erséus, Mark J. Wetzel & Lena Gustavson: ICZN rules-a farewell to Tubificidae (Annelida, Clitellata) . Zootaxa, 1744, pp. 66-68, 2008
  2. ↑ E. Sjölin, C. Erséus & M. Källersjö: Phylogeny of Tubificidae (Annelida, Clitellata) based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. In: Mol. Phyl. Evol. 35, pp. 431-441, 2005

Web links

Commons : Naididae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files