Evessen tumulus
The Evessen Tumulus is a large burial mound in Evessen in Lower Saxony that has not yet been archaeologically examined.
description
The burial mound has a diameter of 34 meters and a height of 6 meters. It belongs to a group of burial mounds between Elm and Asse that are considered to be princely graves. These include the Galgenberg north of Klein Vahlberg, the Meescheberg south of Klein Vahlberg, the partially destroyed Muspott near Eilum and two other hills near Evessen that were excavated and cleared in the 18th century . These were the Kleine Hoch and the Thies-Hoch . During the excavation in the Kleiner Hoch in 1745 an urn , probably a subsequent burial, was found.
First investigations
As early as 1745 Pastor Johann Friedrich Faicke recognized that the hill in Evessen must be a prehistoric grave. In the Braunschweigische advertisements of January 16, 1745 an article appeared, according to which the Evesser Tumulus was mistaken for a princely grave, which dates from the Early Bronze Age (1800 to 1600 BC) or from the Neolithic Age (4000 to 2000 BC). come from. It is possible that, like other burial mounds, it was repeatedly visited as a burial site over long periods of time, so that its current shape is the result of lengthy processes.
An eyewitness describes the excavation of one of the other two highs in November 1744:
- “For several years I have suspected that these hills must have been very old burials of the Heyden family, but only found the evidence on the elapsed November 14th when a farmer looking for red sand on the small one saw two ... stones facing each other which he considered to be a sign of a treasure hidden beneath it, and therefore to investigate the real nature of the matter by digging deeper. ... When they came across a pointed stone over two cubits long straight up to the top of the vault, it was already done with their minds that they would soon find the pot with the money, especially when it came to that also highlighted various large toads of a particularly bright green color, which the common superstition about custodians of underground treasures is used to indicate, but I was soon confirmed in my thoughts when I saw ashes and coals under the broken vault, but regretted no more than that Urn, the neck of which the belly must have closed in a spherical shape at the bottom, when I closed from the pieces, broken, in the shards of which I found burnt bones and a molar of a person, which I diligently read together and took home with me took .... "
Linden tree
On the hill in the center of Evessen there is a linden tree , which is estimated to be around 800 years old. The tree was declared a natural monument in 1944 . Its bark has many lengths. The hollowed out and partly rotten trunk was impregnated by tree surgeons, but the inside of the linden tree was not poured with cement, but left hollow so as not to damage the adventitious roots that the tree giant drove through the hollow trunk from above with a tough instinct of self-preservation Has. The crown was secured by several anchors, the smaller openings were sealed with seals and the larger openings were protected by wire mesh. This was necessary to block access to the interior of the linden tree.
Place of jurisdiction
Under the linden tree on the burial mound, the Vogteigericht pronounced justice. The Evess court hearings are mentioned in the invoices of the Braunschweig Cathedral Foundation as early as 1347. The court was not overturned until 1808. In Venturini's book about the Duchy of Braunschweig , it says in 1826: "The tree under which the Vogteigericht was kept can still be seen" . Issues of neighbor and family law, including wood theft, as well as disputes and fights among the villagers were negotiated. Sales in traditional forms were also recognized as legal. The seller symbolically placed his hand on the judge's hat, and the buyer also took hold of the hat to take possession . Parties who did not appear for the hearing had to pay a fine of ten groschen, this belongs to the court to drink . At that time Evingsen probably had more opportunities to drink than now .
Say
Sagas and legends are entwined with the origin of the landmark of the place, the tumulus (Latin: tumulus ), which is also known as the high . According to legend, a giant came along from the Elm with big clumps on his boots. He tore up a tree to clean the clods from the soles. He put the linden tree in one of the clods of earth. This is now the hill with the thick linden tree on top.
literature
- Ernst Andreas Friedrich : Der Tumulus von Evessen , P. 12-14, in: If stones could talk . Volume IV, Landbuch-Verlag, Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-7842-0558-5
- Michael Geschwinde : Grave mound on sickness certificate in: Reports on the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony , 4/2014
Web links
- Description in the Braunschweig-Ostfalen region
- Evessen on Braunschweig tours with a description of the burial mound
- Description of the burial mound near Braunschweigische Landschaft
Coordinates: 52 ° 11 ′ 19 ″ N , 10 ° 42 ′ 19 ″ E