Shore ground beetle

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Shore ground beetle
Shore ground beetle (Carabus clatratus)

Shore ground beetle ( Carabus clatratus )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Beetle (Coleoptera)
Family : Ground beetle (Carabidae)
Subfamily : Carabinae
Genre : Real ground beetle ( Carabus )
Type : Shore ground beetle
Scientific name
Carabus clatratus
Linnaeus , 1761

The shore ground beetle ( Carabus clatratus ) is a species of the real ground beetle ( Carabus ).

features

The river ground beetle reaches a body length of 25 to 36 millimeters and is one of the largest species of beetle in Europe. Its body is copper-colored, greenish or shiny black in color and has large, coppery or greenish shimmering pits on the wing covers ( elytra ) between distinct secondary ribs.

The bank ground beetle is one of the few Carabus species that can have fully developed wings and is then able to fly. However, this is usually only a small part of the population, most specimens have reduced hind wings. In Central European and Asian populations, macroptere animals are presumably completely absent .

distribution

The beetle occurs in large parts of Europe with a focus on Eastern Europe. It is absent in the extreme north and south, in the Alpine region, on the Iberian Peninsula and in large parts of France, Italy and Great Britain. To the east, it spreads over Siberia, Central Asia to Korea and Japan.

In Germany, its distribution is limited to the northern half. It is only found in greater frequency in Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Brandenburg.

Way of life

The riparian ground beetle lives mainly in wetlands and the silted areas of swamps and moors as well as in damp salt marshes . There you can find it in wet dead wood , mostly stumps of willow and in moss mats .

It is a mostly nocturnal predator and, like the pit beetle ( Carabus variolosus ), also hunts under water for snails, small crustaceans, insects and their larvae, tadpoles and small fish. It creates a fresh air supply under the wing covers. The larvae are also able to hunt underwater.

The beetle can be found from April to September, with the breeding season being in spring and the young generation hatching in September.

Hazard and protection

Since the beetle is very strongly bound to humid to flooded habitats, it is endangered and pushed back mainly by the decline and drainage of wetlands. As a result, it is regionally rare and has been placed under national conservation in many European countries.

  • Red list Germany: 2 (endangered)
  • Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Red List: 3 (endangered)

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl von Linné: Systema naturae . 12th edition. Holmiae, 1767 ( p. 669. [accessed February 22, 2012]).
  2. ↑ Margret Binot among others: Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. 1998.
  3. ^ Gerd Müller-Motzfeld, Joachim Schmidt: Red list of ground beetles in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Ministry for Agriculture, Environment and Consumer Protection Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 2009.

literature

  • H. Turin among others: The Genus Carabus in Europe. A synthesis. Pensoft, Sofia 2003, ISBN 954-642-331-9 .
  • Ekkehard Wachmann , Ralph Platen, Dieter Barndt: Ground beetles - observation, way of life . Naturbuch Verlag, Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89440-125-7 .
  • Jiři Zahradnik, Irmgard Jung, Dieter Jung and others: Beetles of Central and Northwestern Europe. Parey, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-490-27118-1 .

Web links

Commons : Shore Ground Beetle  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files