Umbilicariales

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Umbilicariales
Umbilicaria hyperborea

Umbilicaria hyperborea

Systematics
Sub-kingdom : Dikarya
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Lecanoromycetes
Subclass : Umbilicariomycetidae
Order : Umbilicariales
Scientific name of the  subclass
Umbilicariomycetidae
Bendiksby , Hestmark & Timdal
Scientific name of the  order
Umbilicariales
Lumbsch , Hestmark & Lutzoni

The umbilicariales are a small order of the Ascomycetes (Ascomycota), whose types lichens form.

features

The Umbilicariaceae form lichens with the chlorococcal green algae ( Chlorophyceae ) genus Trebouxia , the cyanobacteria Stigonema and Scytonema also occur as secondary phytobionts .

The fruiting bodies sit on the lichen thallus , more rarely they are sunk or stalked. Mostly they are black, irregularly disc-shaped. The excipulum is pigmented. The hymenium is amyloid . The paraphyses are simple or slightly branched, they are thickened at the top. The asci are unitunicate and form one to eight spores. The ascospores are translucent ( hyaline ) or brown, not septate or muriform (multicellular with transverse and longitudinal walls).

Systematics

The Umbilicariales are not initially assigned to any subclass of the Lecanoromycetes . According to phylogenetic studies, they are quite close to the Lecanoromycetidae. In 2013, Mika Bendiksby , Geir Hestmark and Einar Timdal created their own subclass Umbilicariomycetidae within the Lecanoromycetes. The Umbilicariales therefore include the following families with the genera according to Eriksson:

Eriksson leads the first three families as Lecanoromycetidae incertae sedis .

swell

literature

  • Jolanta Miadlikowska et al .: New insights into classification and evolution of the Lecanoromycetes (Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota) from phylogenetic analyzes of three ribosomal RNA- and two protein-coding genes . In: Mycologia , Volume 98, 2006, pp. 1088-1103.
  • DS Hibbett et al .: A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi . In: Mycological research , May 2007; 111 (5): 509-547. Epub 2007 March 13, 2007. doi: 10.1016 / j.mycres.2007.03.004 , (PDF; 1.3 MB)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Miadlikowska et al .: New insights into classification and evolution of the Lecanoromycetes ... , 2006.
  2. ↑ Mika Bendiksby & Einar Timdal: Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of Hypocenomyce sensu lato (Ascomycota: Lecanoromycetes): Extreme polyphyly and morphological / ecological convergence . In: Taxon . tape 62 , no. 5 , 2013, p. 940–956 , doi : 10.12705 / 625.18 ( https://www.artsdatabanken.no/Files/10228 pdf).
  3. ^ OE Eriksson (Ed.): Outline of Ascomycota - 2006 In: Myconet , Volume 12, 2006, pp. 1-82. (online html)

Web links

Commons : Umbilicariales  - collection of images, videos and audio files