Cisuralium

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system series step ≈ age ( mya )
higher higher higher younger
Perm Lopingium Changhsingium 251.9
⬍
254.2
Wuchiapingium 254.2
⬍
259.9
Guadalupium Capitanium 259.9
⬍
265.1
Wordium 265.1
⬍
268.8
Roadium 268.8
⬍
272.3
Cisuralium Kungurium 272.3
⬍
279.3
Artinskium 279.3
⬍
290.1
Sacmarium 290.1
⬍
295.5
Asselium 295.5
⬍
298.9
deeper deeper deeper older
Captorhinus aguti , up to 40 cm long Captorhinide from the famous fossil deposit Richards trace the Cisuralium of Oklahoma (USA).
Dictyoclostus bassi is a brachiopod from sub-permean marine deposits of the eastern shelf of the Midland Basin (northern Texas, USA). The length of the lower edge of the picture corresponds to about 3 cm

The Cisuralium (also Unterperm or Unteres Perm) is the lowest chronostratigraphic series or geochronological epoch of the Permian in the history of the earth . It began about 298.9 million years ago and ended about 272.3 million years ago. The Pennsylvania series of the Karbon is ahead of it . It is followed by the Guadalupium series, the Middle Perm.

Naming

The series is named after the western (European) side of the Ural Mountains (Cisural); in contrast, the eastern (Asian) side is called Transural. The name was proposed by John Bruce Waterhouse in 1982 .

Definition and GSSP

The basis of the Cisuralium series (and the Asselium stage) is defined by the first appearance of the conodont species Streptognathodus isolatus . The series ends (or the Guadalupium series begins) with the first appearance of the conodont species Jinogondolella nanginkensis . The GSSP for the Carbon-Permian border, the Cisuralium and the Asselium is located in the Aidaralash valley, near the city of Aqtöbe (Russian Aktyubinsk) in the southern Urals ( Kazakhstan ).

Breakdown

The cisuralium is divided into four geological levels :

The Cisuralium in Central Europe

In Central Europe, the lower parts of the Rotliegend were deposited at the time of the Cisuralium .

literature

  • Vladimir I. Davydov, Brian F. Glenister, Claude Spinosa, Scott M. Ritter, VV Chernykh, Bruce R. Wardlaw, WS Snyder: Proposal of Aidaralash as Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for base of the Permian System . In: Episodes. 21 (1), Beijing 1998, ISSN  0705-3797 , pp. 11-18. (PDF, 304 kB)
  • Yugan Jin , Bruce R. Wardlaw, Brian F. Glenister, Galina V. Kotlyar: Permian chronostratigraphic subdivision. Episodes, 20 (1), Beijing 1997, ISSN  0705-3797 , pp. 10-15. (PDF, 1.9 MB)
  • Bruce R. Wardlaw, Vladimir I. Davydov, Felix Gradstein: The Permian Period. Pp. 249-270 In: Felix Gradstein, Jim Ogg, Alan Smith (Eds.): A Geologic timescale. Cambridge University Press 2004, ISBN 0-521-78673-8 .
  • J. Bruce Waterhouse: An early Djulfian (Permian) brachiopod faunule from Upper Shyok Valley, Karakorum Range, and the implications for dating of allied faunas from Iran and Pakistan. In: VJ Gupta (Ed.): Contribution to Himalayan Geology. 2/1982, Industan Publishing Corporation, Delhi, pp. 188-233.

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