Aqtobe

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Aqtöbe
Ақтөбе ( kas. ) | Актобе ( Russian )
coat of arms
coat of arms
Basic data
State : KazakhstanKazakhstan Kazakhstan
Territory : Aqtobe
Founded : 1869
 
Coordinates : 50 ° 18 '  N , 57 ° 11'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 17 '39 "  N , 57 ° 10' 45"  E
Height : 225  m
 
Area : 428.5  km²
Residents : 500,757 (Jan. 1, 2020)
Population density : 1,169 inhabitants per km²
 
Time zone : WKST ( UTC + 5 )
Telephone code : (+7) 7132
Postal code : 030000-030021
License plate : 04 (old: D)
 
Äkim ( Mayor ) : Ashat Shakharov
Location in Kazakhstan
Aqtöbe (Kazakhstan)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg

Aqtöbe ( Kazakh Ақтөбе , Russian Актобе Aktobe ; until 1999 Актюбинск Aktyubinsk ; literally translated "white hill") is a city in Kazakhstan . It is located in the north-west of the country on the Ilek River, not far from the border with Russia , around 220 kilometers south of Orenburg . With 500,757 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) it is also the administrative center and largest city in the Aqtöbe area .

The city was founded in 1869 as a fortress by Russian troops. As early as 1891, the place received city ​​rights and was assigned to the Turgai Oblast. The city's economic development began in the 1940s, especially during the Soviet era. Due to the proximity of large raw material deposits , especially chromite , Aqtöbe became an important industrial city .

geography

Geographical location

Aqtöbe is located in the north-western part of the Central Asian country not far from the border with Russia . It is the capital of the area of the same name and is located on the left Ural tributary Ilek .

climate

Aqtobe
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
21st
 
-11
-20
 
 
19th
 
-10
-20
 
 
22nd
 
-3
-13
 
 
26th
 
11
0
 
 
27
 
22nd
7th
 
 
33
 
27
13
 
 
30th
 
29
15th
 
 
27
 
28
13
 
 
23
 
21st
7th
 
 
31
 
10
-1
 
 
27
 
0
-8th
 
 
25th
 
-8th
-16
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: wetterkontor.de
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Aqtöbe
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) -10.9 -10.3 -2.9 10.9 21.9 26.7 29.3 27.6 20.8 10.0 -0.4 -7.6 O 9.7
Min. Temperature (° C) -19.8 -19.7 -12.7 -0.4 7.4 12.8 15.2 13.2 6.8 -0.6 -7.8 -16.4 O −1.7
Precipitation ( mm ) 21st 19th 22nd 26th 27 33 30th 27 23 31 27 25th Σ 311
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 2.8 4.7 5.7 7.9 10.0 10.6 10.7 9.7 7.6 4.4 2.6 2.2 O 6.6
Rainy days ( d ) 6th 5 5 5 5 5 5 4th 5 6th 5 6th Σ 62
Humidity ( % ) 79 78 82 63 51 53 54 50 57 70 80 79 O 66.3
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
-10.9
-19.8
-10.3
-19.7
-2.9
-12.7
10.9
-0.4
21.9
7.4
26.7
12.8
29.3
15.2
27.6
13.2
20.8
6.8
10.0
-0.6
-0.4
-7.8
-7.6
-16.4
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		21st
19th
22nd
26th
27
33
30th
27
23
31
27
25th
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: wetterkontor.de

history

Aqtobe was founded as a fortress in 1869; her Russian name was Aktyubinsk . In 1891 the city and its surrounding area were assigned to the Turgai area . Because of the nearby ore deposits , very important iron alloy and chrome industries have settled there for the city . Due to the expansion of the metallurgical industry during World War II , the city grew rapidly during this period. In Aqtöbe there was a POW camp 222 , Aktyubinsk , for German POWs of the Second World War. A memorial cross for the dead of the camp is located above the Kirpitschny district .

In May 2011, two suicide attacks were carried out on a seat of the security forces in Aktobe. In the first attack on May 17, the perpetrator was killed and three people injured. Another attack occurred on May 24th.

On June 5, 2016 there was another terrorist attack in the city with armed attacks on two arms shops and a base of the Kazakh National Guard. A total of 17 people were killed, including eleven attackers, and several people were injured. After the attack, the Kazakh authorities began an anti-terrorist operation in the city in order to capture the remainder of the approximately 20 attackers.

politics

mayor

The current mayor ( Äkim ) of Aqtöbe has been Ashat Shakharov since March 16, 2020. During the Soviet period, the city administration was headed by the chairman of the executive committee. The following are the mayors of the city since 1996:

Town twinning

A town partnership has existed between the city of Aqtöbe and the city of Sehnde in the Hanover , Lower Saxony , Germany region since the 1990s, which has been strengthened through several exchange programs. Due to the distance between the two places and the changes in Kazakhstan, this partnership has been discontinued in the meantime (source: Stadt Sehnde).

population

Aqtöbe has a population of around 500,757 (2020).

Culture and sights

The Nurdaulet Mosque

Buildings

The two most famous buildings in the city are the Nurgasyr Mosque and the Russian Orthodox Nicholas Cathedral . Both were built between 2006 and 2008 in the city park. For the 140th anniversary of the city, a boulevard was inaugurated in 2009 , which connects the Nurgasyr Mosque and the St. Nicholas Cathedral. Another large mosque is the Nurdaulet Mosque.

Sports

The FC Aktobe is one of the most successful football clubs in Kazakhstan and playing in since the country's independence Premjer-League , the top division in Kazakhstan. In 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2013 the club became champions of Kazakhstan. The club plays its home games in the central stadium in Aqtöbe.

Economy and Infrastructure

The city's train station

economy

After independence, Aqtöbe has developed into a center of the oil industry. Aqtöbe is the administrative center for half a dozen Kazakh and international oil companies that operate e.g. Some develop large oil fields in the Aqtöbe Oblast. The China National Petroleum Corporation , among others, has set up a subsidiary here. Service providers have also settled here. International companies such as Zenner International (a global manufacturer of water and heat meters) are based in the city. The Kazchrome company has a chromite processing and ferro alloy production facility in the north of the city .

There are two large shopping centers in Aqtöbe, the TRC Alatau and the MEGA Center Aqtöbe.

traffic

Airport

The city's international airport is Aktobe Airport ( IATA code AKX, location 50 ° 14 ′ 45 ″  N , 57 ° 12 ′ 24 ″  E ). Aqtöbe offers flight connections to Nur-Sultan and Almaty in Kazakhstan. There are international connections to the Russian capital Moscow and Antalya .

Trunk roads

The M32 highway , which connects the west of the country with the south, runs through Aqtöbe . The A27 leading to Atyrau on the Caspian Sea begins in the city. The A24 and the A25 , which lead north to the Russian border, also originate in Aqtöbe.

railroad

The Aktobe station is on the main railway line ( Trans-Aral Railway ) carried by the Russian Orenburg to the Uzbek capital Tashkent leads.

education

Aqtöbe is home to the Aktöbe State University , the Marat Ospanov State Medical Academy, a pedagogical college and an important flight school.

sons and daughters of the town

See also

Web links

Commons : Aqtöbe  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Численность населения Республики Казахстан по полу в разрезе областей и столицы, столицы, столицы, анколицы, столицы, городоав, областей и столицы, анкония, горойцы, коники, городоав,. ( Excel ; 96 KB) stat.gov.kz, accessed on July 19, 2020 (Russian).
  2. ↑ Maschke, Erich (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
  3. ↑ Deaths in a suicide attack in Kazakhstan. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . May 24, 2011, accessed May 24, 2011 .
  4. ↑ Astana Times: Following Attacks on Weapons Shops, Military Facility in Aktobe, City Launches Anti-Terrorism Operations , accessed on June 5, 2016.
  5. ↑ derStandard.at: Six dead in an attack by extremists in northern Kazakhstan , accessed on June 5, 2016 (English).
Places in the Aktobe area
Cities

Algha  | Aqtöbe (administrative center) | Chrome dew  | Jembi  | Qandyaghash  | Schalqar  | Schem  | Temir

Further district centers

Badamschy  | Komsomol  | Märtök  | Oiyl  | Qarauylkeldi  | Qobda  | Schubarqudyq  | Yrghys