VEB United Cotton Mills and Twisting Mills
| VEB United Cotton Mills and Twisting Mills | |
|---|---|
| legal form | Publicly owned company (VEB) |
| founding | (1809/1947/1953) / 1971 |
| Seat | Flöha , district of Plaue |
| Number of employees | 14,800 (as of 1971?) |
| Branch | Textile manufacturer |
The VEB United cotton mills and twisting mills in 1971 from the partial works in Flöha , Plaue , Glauchau , Karl-Marx-Stadt , Leipzig , Mittweida , Oederan , Plauen , Venusberg , Zwickau founded and others (50 individual plants with 14,800 workers). The company's headquarters were in Flöha, Plaue district, in the so-called Plaue cotton spinning mill .
Plaue cotton mill
The plant in Plaue was founded in 1809/1811 by the Chemnitz- based textile company Benjamin Gottlieb Pflugbeil & Co , which was founded in 1771 as a cotton printing company. The redesign of the cotton spinning mill, which was closed in 1994, into a central ensemble by Flöha is a municipal project. The so-called hydraulic engineering has already been completed. An exhibition on the company's history was opened in the foyer there on November 4, 2006. Extensive construction work is currently underway in the Shed-Halle to complete a day-care facility for children to be opened in 2013, which is to become the largest facility of its kind in Saxony and to remedy the childcare bottleneck in the surrounding area.
Company history
- 1809 Start of construction of the Plaue cotton spinning mill by the Chemnitz company Benjamin Gottlieb Pflugbeil & Co ;
- 1811 Start of operations in the Plaue cotton spinning mill;
- 1828 to 1864 Ernst Iselin Clauss ;
- 1890 EI Clauß Nachf. ,
- 1917–1923 and from 1925–1947 operating as a limited partnership (KG);
- 1947 VEB cotton spinning mill Plaue ,
- With retroactive effect to July 1, 1946, the Clauss cotton mill was transferred to state ownership (VEB).
- 1953 VEB cotton spinning mill Flöha , with the plants Falkenau, Grünhainichen, Gückelsberg, Hohenfichte, Plaue;
- 1971 VEB United Cotton Spinning and Twisting Mills ,
- with the plants in Flöha, Plaue, Glauchau, Karl-Marx-Stadt, Leipzig, Mittweida, Oederan, Plauen, Venusberg, Zwickau (50 individual plants and 14,800 employees)
- In 1994 the Plaue plant ceased operations.
From 1811 to 1918
The cotton spinning mill in Plaue is a good example of the fact that a conservative position towards technical innovations can help an internationally operating company. In comparison with other companies in the same branch, this behavior appears to have been the safer way for a company in retrospect, because it made the company EI Clauß Nachf. The oldest and largest cotton mill in Germany.
Since cotton spinning mills, which existed in Plaue before the founding, were liquidated in the 19th century, the Plaue cotton mill was given the status of "the oldest still operating cotton mill in Saxony and probably also Germany". However, in its early history it was a textile company without an exposed position in a textile industrial conurbation. This is probably due, among other things, to their non-progressive attitude towards operational expansion and technical development.
The Plaue cotton spinning mill recorded a particularly long and slightly interrupted operating time. It existed in the course of four forms of government with four different ideologies (1811-1994). It was a major regional supplier. In social and economic matters, it wasn't action but reaction that helped the company to achieve stable economic success.
From 1918 to 1945
The most important economic operating aspects of the Plaue cotton spinning mill, which saved it from economic liquidation, were its intensive use of the attached water energy and its conservative attitude towards technical innovations.
Probably due to the humanistic attitude of the company leader Rittmeister a. D. and Major Erich Barfurth, the cotton mill employed an extremely small number of no more than 17 female Ukrainian slave laborers in relation to other companies .
Between 1945 and 1947
Although there was generally little willingness to strike throughout the history of cotton spinning and little socialist-communist engagement was observed between the First and Second World Wars , the workers behaved, probably out of economic hardship and as a reflection of the tyranny of the Second World War, progressive for the restart of the Plaue cotton spinning mill. In the recent political history that has taken place in eastern Germany since the end of the Second World War, it is noteworthy that the Plaue cotton spinning mill founded a works council on June 6, 1945 , before the SMAD granted permission on June 10 , 1945 was under sequester before the SMAD imposed the general sequester in October 1945 and already 1.5 years before the specific order 234 of the SMAD was issued at the beginning of 1946, the factory kitchen in Plaue was back in operation. Despite this progressive attitude, the cotton mill rarely met the required "target" in the years that followed.
Glauchau cotton spinning mill
The traditional company in the west Saxon city of Glauchau produces today as TWG Textilwerke Glauchau GmbH .
Venusberg cotton mill
The Saxon cotton spinning company (SBS CoreTech GmbH) emerged from the VEB company based in Venusberg. This was taken over on March 1, 2007 by Hof-Garn GmbH.
literature
- Brummert / Fanghänel / Geißler / Strobel (eds.): Plaue - inventory im wandel , Chemnitz 2006, ISBN 978-3-00-019781-9 .
- Ernst Stephan Clauß : A century of cotton fine spinning 1809-1909 EI Clauss Nachf. (Festschrift), Plaue bei Flöha 1909.
- Sylvia Berger: Social entrepreneurship between the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century using the example of the Clauss cotton spinning mill in Plaue , 2001.
- A modern large company . In: Die Woche issue No. 34 of August 20, 1904 pp. I – II
Web links
- File inventory of VEB United Cotton Spinning and Twisting Mills and predecessors in the Saxon State Archives in Chemnitz
- Old cotton has a new future
- Research project Plaue - existed in transition
Individual evidence
- ^ Clauss, Ein Jahrhundert, p. 15. This sentence was often included in later literature. However, the significant phrase "[...] still in operation [...]" was not adopted. This led to the erroneous understanding that the Plaue cotton spinning mill was the first to be founded in “Saxony and probably also Germany”.