Vaballathus

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Antoninian des Vaballathus as nominal co-regent of Aurelian
Antoninian of Vaballathus as Augustus

Lucius Iulius Aurelius Septimius Vabal (l) athus Athenodorus († probably 273 ) was the son of the Roman consular and imperial deputy Septimius Odaenathus of Palmyra and his wife Septimia Zenobia .

When Odaenathus was murdered in 267/268, Vaballathus inherited his father's titles ( rex regum , corrector totius Orientis and probably also dux Romanorum ) and rule in the Palmyrenian sub-kingdom, but as a minor he was under the tutelage of his mother. Initially, Zenobia and her son were loyal to the emperor in Rome. By skillfully exploiting the crisis in the Roman Empire , Zenobia succeeded in expanding Palmyra's sphere of influence to include Egypt and Arabia . The two provinces were occupied in 270, Vaballathus assumed the title of imperator in the same year . The new emperor Aurelian initially tolerated this co- reign , since his military forces were bound by German invasions in the west and his suzerainty as Augustus was formally unaffected. However, when Aurelian turned against Palmyra in 272, Zenobia went to open usurpation and had her son also proclaimed Augustus . Both were defeated and taken prisoner; after Zosimos , Vaballathus died on the way to Rome.

literature

  • Thorsten Fleck: The special empire of Palmyra. Its history as reflected in Roman coinage. In: Monetary History News. No. 199, September 2000, pp. 245-252.
  • Udo Hartmann : The Palmyrene Partial Kingdom. Stuttgart 2001 ( Oriens et Occidens 2).
  • Peter Jacob: Aurelian's reforms in politics and legal development . Göttingen 2004. ISBN 3-89971-148-3 .
  • Ted Kaizer: The Religious Life of Palmyra. A Study of the Social Patterns of Worship in the Roman Period. Stuttgart 2002 ( Oriens et Occidens 4).
  • Michael Sommer : The soldier emperors. Darmstadt 2004.
  • Michael Sommer: Rome's oriental steppe border. Palmyra - Edessa - Dura-Europos - Hatra. a cultural history from Pompey to Diocletian . Franz Steiner Verlag , Stuttgart 2005 ( Oriens et occidens 9).

Web links

Commons : Vaballathus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ See Jacob, Aurelians Reformen , p. 53.
personal data
SURNAME Vaballathus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vaballath; Lucius Iulius Aurelius Septimius Vaballathus Athenodorus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Emperor of the Palmyrene Empire
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH uncertain: 273