Marc Guillaume Alexis Vadier
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Marc Guillaume Alexis Vadier (born July 17, 1736 in Pamiers ( Département Ariège ), † December 14, 1828 in Brussels ) was a French revolutionary.
Life
Vadier was educated and trained in a Jesuit school. He joined the French army, but ended his service after participating in the Battle of Rossbach (1757). He then studied law and bought the office of a councilor at the Pamiers Higher Regional Court.
In 1789 Vadier was elected to the Estates General ( États généraux ) from the third estate of his native city . He advocated the constitutional monarchy , but after the failed flight to Varennes of Louis XVI . (June 20/21, 1791) Vadier called for the king to be deposed. Vadier became a judge at the Mirepoix Tribunal in October 1791 . In September 1792, the Ariège department elected him to the National Convention . Vadier approached the mountain party and voted for the king's death. In the spring of 1793 he vigorously fought the Girondins . On September 14, 1793, Vadier was accepted into the security committee , in which he soon took a leading role. As a determined opponent of church and religion, he campaigned for the de-Christianization campaign. In early 1794 he urged Danton to be arrested .
A rift between Vadier and Robespierre occurred due to the formation of a police office in May 1794, which was subordinate to the welfare committee directly and not to the security committee. Vadier also rejected Robespierre's " cult of the highest being " as a substitute religion. In this context, he presented to his committee colleagues the revelation of the preacher Catherine Theot , according to which Robespierre was a second coming of the Messiah. The personal differences with Robespierre led to Vadier's participation in the preparations for the overthrow of the 9th Thermidor (July 27, 1794).
After the 9th Thermidor, Vadier affirmed the " reign of terror " . He was one of the “left” Thermidorians around Barère , Billaud-Varenne and Collot d'Herbois , who wanted to continue the rule of the Jacobins without Robespierre. This policy failed. On March 2, 1795, Vadier was arrested and sentenced to deportation to Cayenne, but he managed to go into hiding in Paris in time. In November 1795 Vadier joined the “Society of Friends of the Republic” , who held their meetings near the Panthéon and therefore became known as the “Panthéon Club” . He gained influence and served as the first president of the Panthéon Club. The board of directors feared a strengthening of the opposition from the left and on February 27, 1796 enforced the closure of the Panthéon Club. Although Vadier had not participated in the " conspiracy of equals " around Babeuf , he was tried in May 1797 before the Supreme Court in Vendôme. The Supreme Court acquitted him. Despite the acquittal, Vadier was interned on the island of Pelée near Cherbourg.
At the beginning of the consulate, Vadier was pardoned and released. He was no longer politically active, lived in Paris, later in Toulouse and from 1810 in Peyroutet. After the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy, Vadier was expelled from the country in 1816 as a "regicide" . The eighty-year-old moved to Mons and then to Brussels. Vadier died there on December 14, 1828.
literature
- Bernd Jeschonnek: Revolution in France 1789–1799. A lexicon. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-05-000801-6 .
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Vadier, Marc Guillaume Alexis |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French politician at the time of the revolution |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 17, 1736 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Pamiers , Ariège department |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 14, 1828 |
| Place of death | Brussels |