Vaxholms line
The Vaxholmslinie (also called Vaxholms inner fortification line) was the main fortification line in the Stockholm archipelago between 1914 and 1925 . It stretched from Värmdö in the east via Rindö , Växön , Edholma to Lillskär in the west. The Vaxholmslinie consisted of a series of artillery positions and mine barriers , which should protect the shipping line to and from Stockholm, between Värmdö in the east and Resarö in the west. Particularly noteworthy are the important sea routes Oxdjupet and Kodjupet .
history
From 1914 the Vaxholms line was the main line of defense. After 1925 this task was transferred to Vaxholm's outer line of defense and the Vaxholm line was wound up. The defense line consisted of a total of 23 positions , which stretched from the 1st battery in the east, on North Värmdö, to the 16th battery in the west, on the small island of Lillskär , outside of Kullö . The line was divided into three sections. The first section was named Värmdölinie and contained batteries one to seven.
The larger positions in this line were Myttingefortet , Vretafortet and the 7th battery on Värmdö (all built between 1899 and 1903), Rindö Redoute (built 1858–1863) with the associated 12th battery (built in the mid-1870s) and Byvik fortification (built 1897–1900) all on Rindö .
The fortress Vaxholm (Completely rebuilt in 1833) and the fortress Oscar Fredrik Borg (inaugurated in 1877) were part of the Vaxholmslinie. Not all batteries remained part of the line of defense until 1925. Part of it has already been outsourced. These include, for example, the 17th and 18th batteries, which were removed from the association in 1903, and the Kronudden battery (13th battery), which was eliminated in 1916.
Choice of batteries
| photo | designation | Coordinates and geographic location | More pictures | Brief description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1. Battery | Location of the 1st battery | 1. Battery | Open position , which is on Värmdö south of Värmdövägen near Myttingeviken. Armament: Two 8 millimeter M / 1894 machine guns on self-propelled guns . |
|
2. Battery | Location of the 2nd battery | 2. Battery | Open position. It is located just north of Värmdövägen between Myttinge and Stenslätten. Armament: Two 8 millimeter M / 1894 machine guns on self-propelled guns. |
|
Myttinge attachment (3rd battery ) |
Location of the 3rd battery | Myttinge attachment | Myttinge fortification, also called 3rd battery, is about 400 meters north of battery number 2. Armament: six 8.4 centimeter cannons in armored turrets. |
|
4. Battery | Location of the 4th battery | 4. Battery | Open position. It is located about 200 meters northeast of the Vreta fortification. Armament: Two 8 millimeter M / 1894 machine guns on self-propelled guns. |
|
Representation attachment (5th battery ) |
Location of the 5th battery | Representation attachment | Vretabefestigung, also known as the 5th battery, is around 800 meters north of the Myttinge fortification. Armament: four 8.4 cm M / 1881 cannons in armored turrets. |
|
7. Battery | Location of the 7th battery | 7. Battery | Located to the west of Värmdö, about 300 meters north of Fredriksborg Fortress . Armament: four 12 centimeter M / 1885 cannons on chassis. |
|
Byvik fortification (8th battery ) |
Location of the 8th battery | Byvik fortification | Located on East Rindö, about 500 meters west of Oskar Fredriksborg Fortress . Armament: four 12 centimeter and three 57 millimeter cannons in armored turrets. |
|
11. Battery | Location of the 11th battery | 11. Battery | Located together with the 9th and 10th batteries in a group on the north side of Rindö. The 11th battery was used as an air defense position in World War II . At that time 10.5 centimeter anti-aircraft guns were used. |
|
Rindö Redoute (12th battery) |
Location of the 12th battery | Rindö Redoute | Located on West Rindö. It was designed by the fastening engineer Johan von Kleen . It was built between 1858 and 1863. Due to the long construction period, it was already outdated when it was commissioned. In order to compensate for this shortcoming, the system was equipped with a new armament. Similar to the 12th battery (Rindö). |
|
12. Battery (belongs to the Rindö Redoute ) |
Location of the 12th battery | 12. Battery (Rindö) | Located in the west of Rindö a few hundred meters from the Rindö Redoute . Armament: four 15.2 centimeter cannons M / 98B in turret mount M / 1900A. In 1933 the battery was relocated to Landsort and thus belonged to the Havsband line . |
|
Kronudden's battery (13th battery) |
Location of the 13th battery |
Kronudden's battery |
Located on Kronudden in Vaxholm . It was also called the Portuguese Battery . In 1904 it was equipped, among other things, with four 27 centimeter breech loading cannons. These were the largest guns in coastal defense at the time. |
|
Pålsund battery (17th battery) |
Location of the 17th battery | No more pictures | Located on Bogesundslandet, southwest of the Pålsundsbron fortress . The area had been fortified since 1713. The following system consisted of brick bunkers. |
|
Vaxholm Fortress (19th battery ) |
Location of the 19th battery | Vaxholm Fortress | Built in 1548. Additional reinforcements were added in 1604. In 1833 a total renovation took place, which gave the fortress its present appearance. |
|
Oskar-Fredriksborg Fortress (23rd battery ) |
Location of the 22nd battery | Oskar Fredriksborg Fortress | Located on East Rindö on Oxdjupet and was built between 1870 and 1877. The fortress takes its name from the nearby village of Oskar-Fredriksborg . |
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Lars A. Hansson: Vaxholmslinjen . Ed .: LAH Bunkertours. 2013, ISBN 978-91-977297-6-5 (Swedish).
- ↑ a b c d e Urban Sobéus: Havsbandslinjen i Stockholms skärgård 1933–1945 . Military historiska Förlaget , 2000, ISBN 91-85266-74-4 (Swedish).
- ↑ Sobéus (2000), p. 13