Cattle gate (Wesel)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
cattle grid
coat of arms
Street in Wesel
cattle grid
Cattle gate looking towards the cathedral in the early 20th century
Basic data
place Wesel
District Old town
Buildings historical: cattle gate
use
User groups Foot traffic
Technical specifications
Street length 116 m

The Viehor is a downtown street in Wesel on the Lower Rhine. It is part of a pedestrian zone running through the city and bears the name of an earlier city gate that was there until 1739.

location

City gate 1582
Presentation of Wesel in 1588; the cattle gate is just below the parish church of Mathena-Vorstadt

The street Viehor is part of a pedestrian and shopping street that runs between the Great Market in front of the Willibrordi Cathedral and the Berliner Tor in an east-west direction through the Wesel city center. The Viehor is a 116-meter-long section that merges into Brückstrasse to the west at the confluence of Sandstrasse and Schmidtstrasse . In the east, the street is separated from the Hohen Strasse , which continues towards Berliner Tor, by the traffic-calmed Kreuzstrasse or Korbmacherstrasse, which can be driven on . The crossroads between Viehor and Hoher Straße is the central point in the city center and is also called "Mathenakreuz" after the Mathenakirche that used to stand there . There is a connection for a large number of bus routes. The historic city gate Viehor was located near the Mathenakreuz in the area of ​​today's street Viehor.

History of the city gate

The city of Wesel had had town charter from 1241 and between 1278 and 1370 expanded its fortifications. At the end of this process, the cattle gate formed one of the main entrances to the ring-shaped old town, along with the stone gate, the monastery gate, the fish gate and the Lewtor. A cattle and timber market, which took place in front of the cattle gate and explains the origin of the name, is documented as early as the first half of the 14th century. In 1403, like the Lewtor in the previous year, the cattle gate was rebuilt and expanded and at the end of this process had the shape of a double gate. Most of the city gates were also used as prisons and at the latest with the expansion, the cattle gate became the main prison of the city. It also had this function during the Spanish occupation in the early 17th century.

In the late Middle Ages, the Mathena suburb was built in the area in front of the cattle gate . The name Mathena had the corresponding meaning "meadow meadow" and referred to the use as pasture for cattle, which was driven from the cattle gate onto the area in front of it. The Mathenakirche was built directly in front of the cattle gate as part of the growing suburb in the 15th century . However, the dividing walls between the old town and the eastern suburb were preserved. Around 1480 or 1490 the cattle gate was depicted on a painting by the well-known Wesel artist Derick Baegert . In 1495 the eponymous cattle market was relocated to today's Kornmarkt within the old town, only horses were still sold in front of the city gate. The cattle gate was also the presumed starting point of a way of the cross , which led along the cross street named after it to a chapel built in 1501. This chapel was located at the Lippetor near the suburb of Oberndorf at that time, roughly at the intersection of Stralsunder Strasse and Am Alten Wolf, and was destroyed around 1587. The cattle gate itself was demolished in 1739 due to dilapidation. In addition to the street Viehor, the name of the Mauer-Viehor-Straße also refers to the former city gate and traces the course of the city wall in the area south of the Viehor.

Development as a commercial street

Long before the Second World War , the axis between the cathedral and the Berliner Tor developed into the central business area of ​​Wesel. After the severe destruction of the war, a plan as a business zone was retained in the reconstruction. A uniform naming of the axis as Hohe Straße was planned and was also implemented, but residents of the cattle gate ensured with their protest that, among other things, the cattle gate was given its old name back on July 28, 1949. Due to its location in the center of the city center and in the immediate vicinity of the new town hall, which was completed in 1952 on the site of the former Mathenakirche, the cattle gate stood in the foreground during the reconstruction. In 1949, the first closed block of houses in the city center was inaugurated north of the cattle gate and along the adjacent streets. From 1951 the city center axis could be used continuously by road traffic. In the same year, the Wesel – Rees – Emmerich small railway was put back into operation and, until it was shut down in 1966, also ran via the Viehor. Before the war, the line had ended west of the city center and the expansion through the city center had to be widened at the expense of the sidewalk. In the 1950s the inner city axis developed according to the plans to become the focus of inner city trade. In 1973 the former town hall at Mathenakreuz was converted into a department store and in the same year the redesign of the entire inner city axis into a pedestrian zone began. A major redesign of the pedestrian zone took place at the beginning of the 2010s, and the step-by-step measures began in 2010 at the cattle gate.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Street directory 46483 ( Memento of the original from 23 August 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (strassenverzeichnis.deutschlandblick.com) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / strassenverzeichnis.deutschlandblick.com
  2. ↑ a b Geoportal of the city of Wesel
  3. ↑ Martin Wilhelm Roelen, Doris Rudolfs-Terfurth (Ed.): The reconstruction of the city of Wesel, p. 212
  4. ↑ History up close (derwesten.de)
  5. ↑ Jutta Prieur: History of the City of Wesel - Volume 2, p. 207
  6. ↑ Much appreciated Weezelsche Bars (derwesten.de)
  7. ↑ Jutta Prieur: History of the City of Wesel - Volume 2, p. 207
  8. ^ German town book: Handbook of urban history, Volume 3, Part 3
  9. ↑ Chronicle of the Wesel District Court (ag-wesel.nrw.de)
  10. ↑ When the Spaniards took Wesel (derwesten.de)
  11. ↑ Duisburger Forschungen, Volumes 19-20, p. 9
  12. ↑ Pointed shoes as a symbol of evil (derwesten.de)
  13. ↑ In December 1495 the city set up a new market in front of the Ducal Castle. (wesel.de)
  14. ↑ Communication No. 113 (historical-vereinigung-wesel.de)
  15. ^ Martin Wilhelm Roelen: Wesel - Small town history, p. 77
  16. ↑ Streets in Wesel - Letter M (wesel.de)
  17. ^ Martin Wilhelm Roelen, Doris Rudolfs-Terfurth (ed.): The reconstruction of the city of Wesel, p. 38
  18. ↑ Martin Wilhelm Roelen, Doris Rudolfs-Terfurth (Ed.): The reconstruction of the city of Wesel, p. 17
  19. ^ Martin Wilhelm Roelen, Doris Rudolfs-Terfurth (ed.): The reconstruction of the city of Wesel, p. 211f.
  20. ^ Martin Wilhelm Roelen, Doris Rudolfs-Terfurth (ed.): The reconstruction of the city of Wesel, p. 108
  21. ↑ June 8, 1951 - A tram for Wesel (wesel.de)
  22. ↑ Urban development concept Wesel 2022 (wesel.de)
  23. ↑ Martin Wilhelm Roelen, Doris Rudolfs-Terfurth (ed.): The reconstruction of the city of Wesel, p. 189
  24. ↑ Wesel: Trial plaster is coming to the Viehor today (rp-online.de)

Coordinates: 51 ° 39 ′ 27 ″  N , 6 ° 37 ′ 0 ″  E