Vindelician threshold

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Map of the Germanic Basin at the time of the Lower Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic). Together with the Bohemian Massif, the Vindelice Sill forms a closed area of ​​land.

The Vindelizian threshold was a high zone that existed during the Triassic and early Jurassic periods , which separated the Germanic Basin "Ur-Central Europe" from the neighboring areas of the later Alpine region to the southeast. Their topographically highest areas, which were dry in phases of extensive sea cover, are also called Vindelician land .

The name Vindelizische Schwelle goes back to the German geologist Carl Wilhelm Gümbel , who introduced it in the literature in 1891 in the variants "Vindelicisches Gebirge", "Vindelicische Urgebirgskette" and "Vindelicisches Zwischengebirge". It is derived from the Celtic tribe of the Vindeliker, who once lived in Lechfeld , or from the Roman name of the city of Augsburg , Augusta Vindelicorum .

The Vindelizian threshold, built from “ Variscan ” rocks from the Moldanubic , stretched from what is now southern Germany to what is now Switzerland along a line south of Zurich , Augsburg and Regensburg . Many of the siliciclastic sedimentary rocks of the South German Mesozoic Era , especially the Keuper ( Upper Triassic ), had their delivery area on the Vindelician Land, that is, their source material was removed there . In addition, the threshold Vindelizische formed in the Upper Triassic the facies boundary between the more terrestrial influenced Germanic Basin (Germanic Trias) and by marine sedimentation marked shelf Western Tethys (Alpine triad). It was above all this facies contrast that prompted Gümbel to postulate the presence of a geographic barrier between the Germanic Basin and the “primordial Alpine region”.

In the Middle Triassic and Lower Jurassic in particular , the Vindelician Sill formed an island together with the Bohemian Massif , which is known as the Bohemian-Vindelician Land . Towards the end of the Middle Jurassic , the Vindelician Land was separated from the Bohemian Massif in the course of a rise in sea level. Finally, from the Upper Jurassic , it was permanently flooded by the sea.

Individual evidence

  1. a b Author collective: Lexicon of Geosciences. Volume 5, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8274-0424-X , p. 340.
  2. ^ A b Carl Wilhelm Gümbel: Geognostic description of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Fourth section: Geognostic description of the Franconian Alb (Franconian Jura). Verlag von Theodor Fischer, Kassel 1891 ( archive.org ), pp. 3, 9, 643.
  3. ^ Hans Murawski, Wilhelm Meyer: Geological dictionary. 12th edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-8274-1810-4 , p. 183.
  4. ^ O. Adrian Pfiffner: Geology of the Alps. 3. Edition. UTB 8416. Haupt Verlag, Bern 2015, ISBN 978-3-8252-8610-1 , p. 111.
  5. ^ PA Ziegler: Geological Atlas of Western and Central Europe. Shell Internationale Petroleum Maatschappij BV, The Hague 1990.