Vulpicida
| Vulpicida | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vulpicida pinastri |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Vulpicida | ||||||||||||
| J.-E. Mattsson & MJLai |
Vulpicida is a genus of lichen from the family Parmeliaceae .
description
The species of the genus Vulpicida have leafy to shrubby, yellow to yellow-green bearings. The yellow color is caused by the highly toxic vulpic acid in the pulp. Underneath, the lichens are pale yellowish with sparse rhizines . The fruiting bodies ( apothecia ) have a brown disc with a bearing edge and are only rarely formed in sorediose species. The unicellular, colorless spores are ellipsoidal to almost spherical with a diameter of 4 to 6 µm, 8 each in the ascus . The bark contains usnic acid . The tholus shows a strong amyloid reaction to related genera . The Asci also differ in their shape from related genera. Photobionts are Trebouxia -like algae.
Ecology and diffusion
The species of the genus Vulpicida occur circumpolar from the arctic to the temperate zone in the northern hemisphere.
Systematics and Etymology
The genus Vulpicida was separated from the genus Cetraria in 1993 by Mattson and Lai . The Latin word vulpes means fox, -cida means murderer, so vulpicida = fox murderer. According to Fries , these lichens were used to poison foxes in Sweden.
The genus Vulpicida includes the following six species, three of which are also found in Central Europe:
- Vulpicida juniperinus : type species, was alreadydescribedby Linnaeus in 1753. Without soredia, on bark, rarely on earth, occurrence: Scandinavia and subalpine areas of Central and Southern Europe
- Vulpicida canadensis : without soredia, on bark, Occurrence: Western North America
- Vulpicida pinastri : sorediose, mainly on the bark, circumpolar spread.
- Vulpicida tilesii : without soredia, on calcareous subsoil, occurrence: North America
- Vulpicida tubulosus : without Soredia, on limestone in Scandinavia and subalpine areas of Central and Southern Europe.
- Vulpicida viridis : Occurrence: Eastern North America
swell
- ↑ Th.M. Frieze, Lichenographia Scandinavica , Uppsala 1871.
- ↑ C. von Linné, Species Plantarum Volume 2: 1147, Stockholm 1753.
literature
- J.-E. Mattsson and M.-J. Lai: Vulpicida , a new genus in Parmeliaceae (Lichenized Ascomycetes). Mycotaxon 46 : 425-428, 1993. Publication
- V. Wirth: The lichens of Baden-Württemberg, part 2 . Ulmer, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3325-3
