Vulpicida pinastri
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Vulpicida pinastri , Styria, Fensteralm, on larch |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Vulpicida pinastri | ||||||||||||
| ( Scop. ) J.-E. Mattsson & MJLai |
Vulpicida pinastri is a strong yellow colored leaf lichen in mountain forests.
description
Vulpicida pinastri usually has few, broad, irregular lobes, the edges of which are lined with yellow bordens . On the underside, the lichen is pale yellow with a few rhizines . Fruiting bodies ( apothecia ) are very rarely developed and then have a brown disc with a bearing edge. The unicellular spores are ellipsoidal to almost spherical. The yellow color is caused by the highly poisonous vulpinic acid in the pulp, which is believed to protect against snails from eating.
Ecology and diffusion
Vulpicida pinastri occurs mainly in mountain forests on the bark of conifers. It is a snow level lichen because it grows at the base of trees to about the mean snow depth of the location. But it also grows on silicate rock.
Vulpicida pinastri is distributed over the entire northern hemisphere in the boreal coniferous forest zone. In Europe it occurs mainly in the mountain forests of Central and Southern Europe. The Red List of North Rhine-Westphalia lists them as endangered. It is very rare in the UK.
Systematics and Etymology
The genus Vulpicida was separated from the genus Cetraria in 1993 by Mattson and Lai . The Latin word vulpes means fox, -cida means killer, so vulpicida is a fox killer. According to Fries , these lichens were used to poison foxes in Sweden.
The lichen Vulpicida pinastri was described as Lichen pinastri by the Austrian naturalist Johann Anton Scopoli as early as 1772 .
swell
- ↑ Red list of endangered lichens (Lichenized Ascomycetes) in North Rhine-Westphalia ( Memento of the original from April 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 805 kB)
- ↑ MD Binder and CJ Ellis, Conservation of the rare British lichen Vulpicida pinastri : changing climate, habitat loss and strategies for mitigation. The Lichenologist 40 (1): 63-79, 2008 ( doi: 10.1017 / S0024282908007275 )
- ↑ J.-E. Mattsson and M.-J. Lai, Vulpicida , a new genus in Parmeliaceae (Lichenized Ascomycetes). Mycotaxon 46 : 425-428, 1993. Publication ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Th.M. Frieze, Lichenographia Scandinavica , Uppsala, 1871.
- ^ JA Scopoli, Flora carniolica Volume 2: 382, Vienna, 1772.
literature
- V. Wirth: Lichen flora, 2nd edition . Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8252-1062-6
- V. Wirth: The lichens of Baden-Württemberg, part 2 . Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3325-3
