Wallburg Jäckelchen
The Jäckelchen Wallburg is a rampart in the city of Attendorn . It is believed that it dates from the Carolingian / Ottonian period.
location
The Wallburg Jäckelchen is located in Attendorn on a saddle of the ridge between Veischede - and Repetal. The old "Römerweg", a trunk road coming from Bonn, leads over this mountain range.
Description of the hill fort
The mountain slopes of the Jäckelchen, which lies between the two mountain peaks of the "Quinhagen" and the "Osterlöh", drop steeply to the west towards the Repetal . To the east, a spring basin forms a wide sieve to the Veischedetal directly below. On the opposite hilltop of the Hofkühlberg, which slopes steeply to the Veischedetal, lies the Hofkühl ramparts .
On the Jäckelchen, the Römerweg is constrained by several ditches and ramparts parallel to this and sealed off at the ramparts with a section rampart. Another section wall leads from Quinhagen perpendicular to the Römerweg. Further parallel ditches and ramparts can be seen halfway up on the side of the Repetal. The entrance to the Jäckelchen on the saddle from Oberveischede into the Repetal is cordoned off by four ditches and ramparts running across the Römerweg. The complex itself consists of a mighty outer ditch / rampart with a round to square floor plan, located next to the old road route, with a semi-circular rampart that will later become straight, which is accompanied by a ditch and seals off the Römerweg. An old gate system cannot be seen.
A breakthrough through the wall in the course of a farm road in 1983 showed that the 2 m high and 8 to 10 m wide wall was held on the outside by a well-crafted stone wall as an outer shell. On the inside there was a 1.2 to 1.4 m wide packing wall, which partly consisted of gravel stored in larger mortar patties. The wall was torn down by stone robbery, so that the original height is difficult to reconstruct and could have reached at least 3 to 4 m. There could have been a height difference of 4.5 to 5 m between the top of the wall and the bottom of the trench.
Age of the little jacket
There are no evaluable finds for reliable age determination, although stone tools and flint finds from the Jäckelchen are known as early as 1900. During excavations in 1952, broken fragments of blue-gray spherical pot ware from the 11th to 13th centuries were found. Only a few sherds are older and should belong to the pre-Roman Iron Age. The aforementioned finds do not allow an exact dating. August Stieren, chairman of the Antiquities Commission, and Albert K. Hömberg counted the little jacket among the post-Carolingian-Ottonian castles of the 8th to 10th centuries. The relatively small castle complex and the findings so far suggest that the jacket was one of those fortified mansions that arose in many places in the Middle Ages.
Special feature of the system
In comparison with other castle complexes, the aforementioned road barrier in the form of a section wall with an outer ditch is significant.
Yard place on the little jacket
The farm “uff dem Gackul” was first mentioned in 1536 and was run by independent farmers. Possibly there could be a connection with the Lords of Heroes, who are said to have lived in Helden, which is only 2.5 km away.
Comparable systems
Comparable ramparts in the Sauerland are in Altfinnentrop , Bürberg ( Attendorn tower hill ), Rüspe and Kirchilpe .
Field names in the original cadastre
District Helden, Hall 19: On the Knicke, Melchershahn, Brandhagen, Auf dem Jäckelchen, Berstegge, Am Sengelsberge, In der Helle District Helden, Hall 20: Under the Jäckelchen, Bruseneichen, In der Bremke,
literature
- Hömberg, AK, 1967, home chronicle of the district of Olpe
- Becker, G. 1969, voices from the Olpe district
- Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe, 1985, Early Castles in Westphalia, No. 5
- Lukanow, S., 1984, chronicle of finds for the Olpe district 1948–1980
- Land registry office Olpe, original cadastre
- Torsten Capelle: Wall castles in Westphalia-Lippe. Published by the Antiquities Commission for Westphalia, Münster 2010, ISSN 0939-4745 , p. 21, no. FBW5 ( Early Castles in Westphalia special volume 1 )
Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 32.3 " N , 7 ° 57 ′ 40.5" E