Water pond cress
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Water pondcress ( Rorippa amphibia ) |
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| Rorippa amphibia | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Better |
The water marsh cress ( Rorippa amphibia ), also known as bank marsh cress , water cress or pond cress , is a member of the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae) that occurs very widely in Central Europe . It flowers mainly from May to August.
Appearance
The perennial herbaceous plant reaches a height of about 50 to 150 cm. The stem grows ascending, is bare, branched and has partially prostrate, runners-like, rooting stems. The lower stem leaves are pinnate to comb-shaped with linear to lanceolate, pointed sections. They are narrowed into a short stem and about 7 to 15 cm long. The upper stalk leaves are sessile, linear to lanceolate and not or hardly eared at the base. They are almost completely toothed to sharp. The sepals are about 2.5 to 4 mm long. The petals are golden yellow, about 3.5 to 6.5 mm long, obovate and rounded. The fruit is egg-shaped, about 2 to 5 mm long and 1 to 3 mm wide. It sits on about 8 to 15 mm long, horizontally to slightly bent stems.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16 or 32.
Variability of the species
The leaf shape is very variable. In water forms, the stems are thick, hollow, tubular, and not furrowed.
Occurrence
Location requirements
The water pond cress grows in swamps on nutrient-rich, mostly muddy and sometimes dry soils in stagnant or slowly flowing waters. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Oenantho-Rorippetum from the Phragmition association, but also occurs in other societies of this association as well as in the Phalaridetum arundinaceae of the Magnocaricion or Agropyro-Rumicion association.
General distribution
Rorippa amphibia occurs practically all over Europe and Asia. It is a Eurasian floral element. In Austria the species is found scattered or rarely. It is also very scattered in Switzerland.
Distribution in Germany
The water pond cress occurs in the north of the area scattered to partially widespread. In the rest of the area it is found scattered or rarely.
Others
The flowers are pollinated by insects. However, vegetative propagation is easily possible through broken pieces of shoot.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz, Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland . Schwabe, Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke (founder), Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora . Paul Parey Publishing House, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 (former title: "Illustrierte Flora von Deutschland").
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 470.
Web links
- Water pond cress. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
- Rorippa amphibia (L.) Besser In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 29, 2015.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere according to: Eric Hultén , Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
