Web hosting
Under Web hosting is the provision of Web space and accommodation ( hosting ) of sites on the Web server of an Internet service provider (ISP).
technology
The provider called the web host makes its resources available - usually against invoicing . These resources include in particular the provision and operation of the host , web server and their network connection. Often, web hosts are also financed by advertising that is placed on the website.
The scope of services of web hosting offers varies considerably. The offers start with a simple website via servers with script language support (e.g. CGI , PHP ) and database backend (e.g. MySQL ) up to packages that support a web content management system (e.g. TYPO3 , Joomla ), monitoring , data backup , statistical evaluations, load distribution or even offer high availability . Both the software used and the availability and service (response speed) in the event of failures are important here.
The market is confusing and subject to constant changes. Industry portals and regular test reports about the providers in trade journals can be helpful for orientation. There are many product categories and you can get everything from shared hosting to vServer to cloud hosting . Shared hosting products are particularly cheap, but if you want to get more professional packages, you may have to pay more. Usually it is possible to compromise between price and performance. Important criteria in the selection are the one-off and monthly costs, the scope of services, the connection speed and the scope of the available services.
Another option for web hosting is cloud hosting . Cloud hosting is a hosting technology that is primarily characterized by its flexibility. The data is hosted directly in a cloud , which saves a lot of administrative work, but also distributes resources more flexibly.
Types of hosting
Free web hosting
Provided free of charge by various providers. However, the functions offered are very limited and are used e.g. B. funded by advertising.
All domains use a common pool of server resources such as storage space, RAM or CPU . Simple functions are offered, but inflexible in terms of software and updates.
Reseller web hosting
Offers the possibility of assigning services as your own hoster. These so-called reseller accounts are provided in different sizes.
Virtual Dedicated Server
This type of web hosting divides server resources into virtual servers , whereby the resources of the hardware can be flexibly assigned to the respective user.
Dedicated hosting
The user has full administrative access to his own server. The user is responsible for the security and maintenance of his own dedicated server .
Managed hosting service
Own server in the data center of a third party, but not full control over this (the provider takes over maintenance work). The data may e.g. B. be uploaded using an FTP tool. There are restrictions for the user.
Colocation web hosting
The user has his own server and full control. However, the location of the server is with another hosting company, which offers space for the accommodation.
Cloud hosting
A new type of hosting platform that enables the user to host powerful and reliable hosting on clustered servers. However, there may be data security issues.
Clustered hosting
Allocation of resources by merging several servers. Cluster servers offer a solution for high availability.
Grid hosting
Distributed hosting, when a cluster behaves like its own network. It contains several nodes and is made up of these.
Home server
Typically a single, private computer that is used as a server to host one or more websites.
Special web hosting services
There are also web hosting services that only accept certain forms of files, such as photo sharing services only picture files and video sharing sites only movies.
Availability
In hosting, availability refers to the time in which a technical system (e.g. the server on which a website is hosted) is contractually guaranteed to be reachable online. The availability is usually given as a percentage and for a period of one year. Therefore, the following formula is used to calculate it: Total time = 365 days per year × 24 hours per day × 60 minutes per hour = 525,600 minutes per year.
An availability of 99% per year means, for example, that a server cannot be reached for up to 3.65 days per year. Or in other numbers 7.20 hours per month or 1.68 hours per week. If a website is not available, this is referred to as downtime .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Web hosting. In: https://www.itwissen.info . DATACOM Buchverlag GmbH, September 5, 2012, accessed on August 14, 2018 .
- ↑ What is web hosting? jumk.de, 2004, accessed on August 14, 2018 .
- ^ Franz Neumeier: Market overview. pc-magazin.de, October 25, 2012, accessed on August 14, 2018 .
- ↑ cloud. Stiftung Warentes, April 2012, accessed on August 14, 2018 .
- ↑ Interlexicon | Web hosting and descriptions. DIMAWEB eU, accessed on August 14, 2018 (German).