Hawthorn moth

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Hawthorn moth
Hawthorn moth (Trichiura crataegi), male

Hawthorn moth ( Trichiura crataegi ), male

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Huckling (Lasiocampidae)
Genre : Trichiura
Subgenus : Trichiura
Type : Hawthorn moth
Scientific name
Trichiura crataegi
( Linnaeus , 1758)
Hawthorn moth female
Hawthorn moth caterpillar

The hawthorn moth ( Trichiura crataegi ), sometimes also known as the hawthorn hair moth , is a butterfly ( moth ) from the mother hen family (Lasiocampidae). The name of the species is derived from the hawthorn ( Crataegus ), a food plant of the caterpillar.

features

butterfly

The moths have a wingspan of 25 to 33 millimeters for males and 28 to 36 millimeters for females. From the white-gray to gray-brown forewings , a dark middle field stands out, which is bordered by thin black, partly jagged lines. There is sometimes an indistinct wavy line in the border area. Females are drawn less contrast. The hind wings correspond in color to the forewings, but are somewhat lighter and show a thin, dark transverse band. Specimens from the high mountains are much darker in overall appearance. The antennae of the males are long, those of the females are combed very short. The thorax is gray and hairy. The abdomen of the females is provided with a hairy anus tuft.

egg

The egg is yellowish at first and later turns a dark brown color. It's oval and flat.

Caterpillar

Adult caterpillars are usually brownish in color, have irregular hairs and show rust-red warts on their backs as well as thin whitish and bluish side stripes. Sometimes black-brown specimens appear with yellow spots or rings on each segment.

Doll

The doll is red-brown, short and stocky. There are a few short hooked bristles on the wide, blunted Kremaster .

Geographical distribution and occurrence

The hawthorn spinner is widespread in Europe and is also found in the Middle East . It can still be found at altitudes of up to 2600 meters. The species prefers to colonize bushy bog meadows and heather areas as well as hedge landscapes, damp slopes and forest edges.

Way of life

The moths form one generation a year, which can be found from August to October. At night, the males like to visit artificial light sources . The females lay the eggs in the form of long spindle-shaped clutches on the branches of the food plants and cover them with anal wool. The caterpillars live from May to July and feed on the leaves of various deciduous trees, including hawthorn ( Crataegus ), prunus , birch ( Betula ), oak ( Quercus ), willow ( Salix ) and hazel species ( Corylus ). Pupation takes place in a barrel-shaped cocoon . The pupa is often two or more years old. The egg hibernates.

Danger

The hawthorn moth occurs in all German federal states and is mostly classified in category 3 (“endangered”) on the red list of endangered species , but in Baden-Württemberg it is on the warning list.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnold Spuler: The butterflies of Europe , Volume 1, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart (E. Nägele) 1919
  2. ↑ a b Josef J. de Freina: The Bombyces and Sphinges of the Western Palaearctic. Volume 1. Noctuoidea, Sphingoidea, Geometoidea, Bombycoidea. EFW Edition Research & Science Verlag GmbH, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-926285-00-1
  3. ↑ a b c d Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 3: Weirdos and Swarmers. (Bombyces and Sphinges). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1960, DNB 456642196 .
  4. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .

literature

  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The Butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 4, Moths II (Bombycidae, Endromidae, Lasiocampidae, Lemoniidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Drepanidae, Notodontidae, Dilobidae, Lymantriidae, Ctenuchidae, Nolidae). Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3474-8
  • Josef J. de Freina: The Bombyces and Sphinges of the West Palaearctic. Volume 1. Noctuoidea, Sphingoidea, Geometoidea, Bombycoidea. EFW Edition Research & Science Verlag GmbH, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-926285-00-1
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 3: Weirdos and Swarmers. (Bombyces and Sphinges). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1960, DNB 456642196 .
  • Manfred Koch : We determine butterflies. Volume 2: Bears, Spinners, Swarmers and Drills in Germany. 2nd, expanded edition. Neumann, Radebeul / Berlin 1964, DNB 452481929 .
  • Arno Bergmann: The large butterflies of Central Germany. Volume 3: Weirdos and Swarmers. Distribution, forms and communities. Urania-Verlag, Jena 1953, DNB 450378365 .
  • Hans-Josef Weidemann, Jochen Köhler: Moths, Spinners and Swarmers . Naturbuch-Verlag, Augsburg 1996, ISBN 3-89440-128-1

Web links

Commons : Hawthorn Moth  - Collection of images, videos and audio files