Wavy brown rot tramete
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Rationale: The article covers more than one species and is mainly based on wood preservation literature. It should be split up and the individual articles revised from a biological point of view. Information on distribution and systematics is missing. - Ak ccm ( discussion ) 02:09, 16. Feb. 2014 (CET)
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Wavy brown rot tramete ( Antrodia sinuosa ) |
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| ( Fr .: Fr. ) P. Karst. |
White pore sponge is the name of two types of wood-destroying fungi . There is the narrow-pore white pore sponge ( Antrodia sinuosa ) and the wide-pore white pore sponge ( Antrodia vailantii ). Both species are very similar and can hardly be distinguished from one another without a microscope. In our latitudes, the white pore sponges (including the real dry rot) are among the most common house rot fungi.
features
The fruiting bodies of the white pore sponge are mostly white to cream-colored and have a fruit layer characterized by numerous pore openings (approx. 2 to 6 pieces per mm). The size of the fruiting bodies varies greatly and can range from a few square centimeters to half a square meter or more. In contrast to many other types of fungus, the fruiting bodies and mycelia of the white pore sponge largely retain their light color even at an advanced age.
The white pore sponges form white, often ice-flower-like branched surface and strand mycelium . The strands can have a thickness of several millimeters and remain pliable even when dry. (This is an important feature to distinguish it from the real dry rot , as its strands break like thin twigs with clear cracks when dry.)
ecology
As with other mushrooms, the living conditions for the white pore sponge are the presence of a nutrient substrate (in this case wood ), sufficient moisture and a suitable temperature environment.
The white pore sponge needs a higher wood moisture content for its development than the real dry rot , but is then relatively resistant to fluctuations in the moisture supply. So it can survive temporary periods of drought undamaged in order to continue its growth and wood degradation after renewed humidification.
The temperature range in which the fungus can grow extends from approx. 3 ° C to 40 ° C, with the optimum between approx. 25 ° C and 34 ° C.
Damage
The white pore sponge causes brown rot in the affected wood . Due to the breakdown of the cellulose , which is one of the main components of wood, it quickly loses its strength and mass. It takes on a dark brown color and develops a cracked structure that is typical of brown rot damage, the so-called cube break . In the advanced stage of the infestation, the wood no longer has any bearing capacity and can be ground to powder between the fingers.
Control and Prevention
The fight against an infestation by the white pore sponge is based in Germany on DIN 68800 part 4. The white pore sponge is counted among the "wet rot fungi" because it needs a higher moisture content than the real dry rot fungus for its growth . (The term "wet rot" is controversial, however, as every attack by wood-destroying fungi is based on increased moisture.)
As a control measure, the DIN stipulates that the affected wooden components must be removed (cut back 0.30 m beyond the visible infestation). It may be necessary to treat the remaining wooden parts by means of drilled hole impregnation with preventive chemical wood preservatives.
The most important measure to prevent infestation, however, is to ensure that the wood is not exposed to increased moisture. Wood whose moisture content is permanently below the fiber saturation range cannot be attacked by wood-destroying fungi.
An infestation by the white pore sponge or other house rot fungi is often the result of leaky roofs, but also z. B. defective pipes or condensation due to structural problems can be the cause.
swell
- Tobias Huckfeldt, Olaf Schmidt: House rot and timber fungi. Verlag Rudolf Müller, Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-481-02142-9
- Klaus Kempe: Wood pests. 3. edit u. exp. Edition, Verlag Bauwesen, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-345-00827-0
- Hans-Peter Sutter: Recognizing and combating wood pests on cultural assets. 4th edition, Haupt Verlag, Bern 2002, ISBN 3-258-06443-1
- Uwe Wild: Lexicon of wood protection. BAULINO Verlag, Waldshut 2009, ISBN 978-3-938537-07-7 , 500 pp.
