Viktor Andreevich Kanke

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Wiktor Kanke, 2012

Viktor Andrejewitsch Kanke ( Russian Виктор Андреевич Канке ; born April 29, 1944 in Nekrasovo , Altai region ) is a Russian philosopher.

Life

Kanke was born into a Russian-German family. He graduated from the Faculty of Physics of the Moscow State Pedagogical University . From 1966 to 1974 he taught physics at a school and then philosophy at the Biysk State Pedagogical University . From 1987 he headed the chair of philosophy at the State Technical University of Nuclear Energy in Obninsk .

Theories

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Tenses

In his habilitation (1984) Kanke developed a concept of tenses. According to Kanke, the nature of tenses is determined by the peculiarities of the processes that cause them. Time is a measure of the process from the beginning to a new stage. A common mistake is in specifying the physical time of the universal functions.

Meta-scientific approach

In contemporary philosophy, Kanke distinguishes between substantial and meta-scientific philosophy.

• According to Kanke, substantial philosophy is unable to meet the requirements of science. It is necessarily metaphysical. This also applies to post-structuralism , hermeneutics and analytic philosophy .
• In its meta-scientific form, philosophy reviews and criticizes other sciences. The meta-scientific approach resists metaphysics in philosophy and substantialism in science. Meta-scientific philosophy examines the conceptual transitions in modern theories. These conceptual transitions are called conceptual transitions by the sick and take place a) in theory, b) between theories or c) between the sciences.

Kanke is a believer in the meta-scientific approach. He believes that this approach is the antidote to SPAM (syndrome of acquired antimetascientificity) in science and SPAN (syndrome of acquired antiscientificity) in philosophy.

Transduction theory

Transduction in theory includes deduction , adduction , abduction, and induction . According to Kanke, deduction is the transition from hypothetical principles via hypothetical laws to predicted values ​​of the variables. Adduction (experiment) converts predicted hypothetical variables into empirical variables (facts). Abduction is the ascent from empirical variables to empirical laws and principles. Kanke describes induction as the assumption that empirical principles and laws can be used in a new cycle of knowledge acquisition.

Kanke differentiates problematic (T1 → T2 → T3 →… → Tn) and interpretative transductions (Tn → Tn-1 → Tn-2 →… → T1). In the problematic series, each subsequent conception overcomes some of the problems of the previous conception. The interpretive series of theories makes it possible to explain the contents of the less developed theories by more advanced theories.

The transduction between the sciences is a subordination of science terms to one another. It always has an exogenous, external nature. With the help of the theory of conceptual transduction one can - according to Kanke - grasp the theoretical pluralism . According to Kanke, modern scientists do not work with paradigms , as claimed by Thomas S. Kuhn - or with research programs as assumed by Imre Lakatos , but with the theory series.

Kanke applies his theory to ethics, among other things . He believes that modern ethics works in a very substantial way.

Works

The titles of the Russian-language works have been translated.

• Philosophy of science. A short encyclopedia . Moscow, 2008, ISBN 978-5-370-00180-2 .
• The main philosophical directions and conceptions of science . 3rd edition Moscow, 2008, ISBN 978-5-98704-315-8 .
• Forms of time . 3rd edition Moscow, 2011, ISBN 978-5-397-01990-3 .
• General philosophy of science . Moscow, 2008, ISBN 978-5-370-00883-2 .
• History of philosophy. Thinkers, conceptions and discoveries . 3rd edition Moscow, 2007, ISBN 978-5-98704-248-8 .
• Ethics of responsibility . A theory of future morality. Moscow, 2003, ISBN 5-94010-054-6 .
• Modern ethics . 4th edition Moscow, 2011, ISBN 978-5-370-00034-8 .
• Modern philosophy . Moscow, 2011, ISBN 978-5-370-01391-1 .
• Philosophy of the textbook . Moscow, 2007, ISBN 978-5-9792-0001-9 .
• Philosophy of Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology . Moscow, 2011, ISBN 978-5-406-00543-9 .
• Concepts of modern science . Moscow, 2007, ISBN 5-98704-071-X .
• Philosophy of Economics . Moscow, 2007, ISBN 5-16-002771-8 .
• Management philosophy . Moscow, 2010, ISBN 978-5-406-00243-8 .
• Philosophy of History . Moscow, 2009. (co-author), ISBN 978-5-8122-1025-0 .
• History and Philosophy of Chemistry . Moscow, 2011, ISBN 978-5-7262-1433-7 .
• Philosophy of pedagogy . Moscow, 2011, ISBN 978-5-204-00634-8 .
• The methodology of scientific knowledge . Moscow: Omega-L. 2013. ISBN 978-5-370-02887-8 .
• History, philosophy and methodology of engineering and computer science . Moscow: Yurayt. 2013. ISBN 978-5-9916-3030-6 .
• History, philosophy and methodology of psychology and education . Moscow: Yurayt. 2014. ISBN 978-5-9916-2990-4 .
• History, philosophy and methodology of the natural sciences . Moscow: Yurayt. 2014. ISBN 978-5-9916-3041-2 .
• History, philosophy and methodology of the social sciences . Moscow: Yurayt. 2014. ISBN 978-5-9916-3275-1 .