Wilhelm Schaper
Wilhelm Schaper , also Karl Wilhelm Schaper (born March 8, 1855 in Göttingen , † April 22, 1926 in Breslau ) was a German educator, rector and naturalist.
Live and act
Schaper was the son of a Göttingen cloth maker . First he attended secondary school, then high school in Göttingen. After completing his military service, he began studying physics, mathematics and natural history at the University of Göttingen in 1876 . In 1879 he was promoted to Dr. phil. doctorate and soon passed the state examination. At Easter 1880 he was hired as a scientific assistant teacher at the higher citizen school in Lübeck , the real branch of the Katharineum . At the end of the same year he switched to the grammar school branch (grammar school and secondary school) as a senior teacher.
In Lübeck he became a member of the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities and the Geographical Society . In the years of his activity in Lübeck he gave more than 60 lectures. Since his studies with Ernst Christian Julius Schering he was particularly interested in geomagnetism . From 1884 he set up the geomagnetic station in Lübeck as head , with which he carried out a magnetic survey of the coastal area between the Elbe and Oder during 1885/87 . This work was mainly undertaken because the results of the two geomagnetic stations in Lübeck and at the German sea observatory did not agree sufficiently with regard to the value of the magnetic elements and the director of the sea observatory Georg von Neumayer thought it very desirable to repeat this point and to clarify in-depth investigations. The Lübeck Senate responded by approving the necessary funds. The Göttingen observatory provided a large Meyerstein needle inclinatorium , and in 1885 a collimator magnet hung in a box on four side threads and a simple one in the theodolite were used to determine the declination and intensity . In the following two years Schaper used the Neumayer Marine Declinatorium , but in 1887 the heavy double needle was replaced by a lighter double needle, in which the magnets were thinner and the other structural parts were made of aluminum. Donations made it possible for him to have the precision mechanic Diederichs in Göttingen make a universal travel instrument according to his ideas.
However, the introduction of the electric tram in Lübeck severely affected the work of the station. Efforts to get a new observatory further away from the electric tram network failed. For this reason, too, in 1898 he accepted an appointment as director of the Herzogliche Realgymnasium Meiningen (today Evangelisches Gymnasium Meiningen ) and moved to Meiningen .
Fonts
- Investigations on the equipotential distribution of the magnetic fluids of cylindrical steel rods. Metzger & Wittig 1880
- Climatic about Lübeck. ; Meteorological information about Lübeck . In: Lübeck: Festschrift dedicated to the participants of the 67th meeting of German natural scientists and doctors , HG Rahtgens, Lübeck 1895
- Magnetic recording of the coastal area between the Elbe and Oder: carried out by the geomagnetic station in Lübeck, issue 1-, 1885–1909
literature
- -to: Senior Teacher Dr. Schaper . In: Lübeckische Blätter 40, 1898, p. 486f.
- Obituary . In: Meteorologische Zeitschrift 43, 1926, p. 375
Individual evidence
- ^ School program of the Katharineum 1882
- ↑ According to Göttingische Gelehre Werbung 1891, p. 36.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Schaper, Wilhelm |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Schaper, Karl Wilhelm (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German educator and naturalist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 8, 1855 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Goettingen |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 22, 1926 |
| Place of death | Wroclaw |