Windradyne
Windradyne (* 1800 ; † March 21, 1829 in Bathurst ), who was called Saturday by Europeans , belonged to the Wiradjuri tribe who lived near Bathurst in New South Wales , Australia . Windradyne was an excellent hunter and warrior who became the Wiradjuri war leader from 1822 to 1825. The violent clashes with the white settlers went down in history as the Bathurst War .
Europeans and Windradyne
European settlers invaded the Willadjuri tribal area in 1813 and built a trade route in 1814. Windradyne himself was friends with William Suttor, a European, whose father George conquered the Blue Mountains in 1822 and settled in an area he called Brucedal. William Suttor learned the Wiradjuri language and was able to communicate with Windradnye. Both Europeans were lawyers who looked after Aboriginal rights.
Bathurst Wars
It was in keeping with the Wiradjuri culture to want to share the land with the colonialists, since Aborigines see themselves as the keepers and custodians of a land, but not as owners, whereas the settlers drew clear property boundaries that excluded the Wiradjuri from entering the land. Violent conflicts arose as a result of the growing population by the Europeans. In the literature this conflict is presented as Bathurst War or Wiradjuri War, another source speaks of "Bathurst Emergency" and describes the period from September and November 1844.
The first altercation that Windradyne led was in 1822 when the Bathurst residents felt threatened by the Aborigines and soldiers with Major Morisset were supposed to teach the blacks "a lesson". Windradyne saw the soldiers' plan, stopped the attack and managed to have the soldiers not enter the tribal area.
On January 8, 1824, soldiers captured Windradyne and took him to Bathurst, where he spent a month in prison.
On August 14, 1824, the Governor Major General Sir Thomas Brisbane declared martial law against the Aborigines west of Mount York and brought together a force of 43 soldiers and 50-100 paramilitaries . This troop was not very successful. On September 10th there was another clash between 30 Aborigines and three drovers 80 kilometers from Bathurst. There were further disputes at a distance of 160 kilometers from Bathurst on Mount York, where the first Wiradjuri surrendered. This was followed by two massacres with several hundred dead at Bells Fall Gorge and Clear Creek.
In 1824, White Settlers at Kelso offered his family potatoes to eat, and when they came back the next day to get more potatoes, other visiting settlers opened gunfire on the utterly surprised Windrayne and his family. This perished. After this event, Wiradjuri called all the elders of the Koori together to convince them to take tough countermeasures and asked them for support. At the same time, Windradyne started a legal campaign and discussed it with his friend Suttor.
The Wiradjuri warriors decided to take action only against the whites who had committed crimes. They attacked Samuel Terry who was laying poisoned meat. He was killed with spears and his hut burned.
Windradyne sent his people to mobilize more Aborigines, so his force grew to 600 warriors. With the tribal leaders Old Bull from the south and Blucher from the northwest, Windradyne formed a council of war to plan the next attacks against the colonists. He also intended to negotiate directly with the government and on December 28, 1824, marched to the Parramatta market square . There he wanted to meet the governor and negotiate with him.
Windradyne died in Bathurst Hospital in 1829 after being seriously wounded in a battle. He was buried with a possum skin and his weapons. His grave was declared a protected area of the Wiradjuri by the Bathurst Historical Society in 1955 and marked by a tomb.
Names
A borough of Bathurst and a student residence at Charles Sturt University in Wagga Wagga are named after Windradyne.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/AS10494b.htm
- ↑ http://www.iearn.org.au/fp/art/heroes/windra.htm
- ↑ adonline.anu.deu.au : David Andrew Roberts: Windradyne (1800–1829) , in English, accessed on October 4, 2011
- ↑ Chris Coulthard-Clark: The encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles ; St. Leonards, Crows Nest, East Melbourne, Auckland: Allen & Unwin, 2001; ISBN 1865086347 ; P. 5 Online on Google Books
- ↑ Chris Coulthard-Clark: The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles ; St. Leonards, Crows Nest, East Melbourne, Auckland: Allen & Unwin, 2001; ISBN 1865086347 ; P. 8 Online on Google Books
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Windradyne |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Saturday |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Aboriginal, warlike tribal leader |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1800 |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 21, 1829 |
| Place of death | Bathurst, New South Wales , Australia |