economy and society

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A manuscript page from the sociology of law within the economy and society

Economy and Society (often abbreviated to WuG ) is a sociological work by Max Weber and was published in four posthumous deliveries in 1921 and 1922 by his wife Marianne as the 3rd section of the Grundrisse of Social Economics . Since the fourth edition from 1956, it has been entitled Economy and Society - Outline of Understanding Sociology .

Alongside Protestant ethics and the 'spirit' of capitalism from 1904, economy and society are among Weber's most important texts and one of the most important classics of sociology. Its importance extends to economic , religious , legal , political , domination , administrative and urban sociology .

construction

Economy and Society is a compiled work that was put together from several text bundles only after Weber's death. Two phases of development can be distinguished, an older one from 1909 to 1914 and a more recent one from 1918 to 1920. After the outbreak of the First World War, Weber initially stopped working on business and society . In the second phase he wanted to rework the existing material, which he was only able to achieve in part by the time he died.

The first part of the work was published in its published form between 1918 and 1920. It contains Weber's theory of sociological categories, in which he discusses basic concepts, basic categories of economic activity, the types of rule as well as estates and classes in four chapters . This part appeared as the first delivery in 1921. It was edited by Weber himself ready for printing and is therefore structured identically in all five editions.

Weber had already dealt with the theory of categories between 1909 and 1913, a manuscript intended for business and society on this topic from the first phase of creation has not survived. However, the category essay published separately in 1913 can be considered the result of his considerations at the time .

Part 1 The economy and the social order and powers (in the 1st edition)
Sociological category theory (in the 4th and 5th edition)
1-180
Chapter No. heading pages
1 Basic sociological terms
1-30
2 Basic sociological categories of economics
31-121
3 The types of domination 122-176
4th Booths and classes 177-180

Weber wrote the (current) second (now second and third) part between 1909 and 1913 and incorporated many of his previous work into this part. However, after 1918 he did not come to the final revision of the individual sections. This is evidently indicated by inconsistent terminology and inconsistent spelling, e.g. B. the use of the spelling “bureaucratic” as well as “bureaucratic”. The content was prepared differently in the various editions. Some of Weber's manuscripts were supplemented or removed and z. T. headings changed, which was sometimes the subject of discussions in the professional world.

In the first edition (1921/2) the structure is as follows:

Part 2 Types of Vergemeinschaftung and Vergesellschaftung 181-600
Chapter No. heading pages
1 Economy and society in general 181-193
2 Types of Vergemeinschaftung and Vergesellschaftung 194-215
3 Ethnic community relationships 216-226
4th Sociology of religion (types of religious community) 227-363
5 market 364-367
6th The economy and the orders 368-385
7th Legal Sociology (Economics and Law) 386-512
8th The town 513-600
part 3 Types of domination 603-817
Chapter No. heading pages
1 Domination 603-612
2 Political communities 613-618
3 Power structures. "Nation" 619-630
4th Classes, booth, parties 631-641
5 legitimacy 642-649
6th Bureaucracy 650-678
7th Patrimonialism 679-723
8th Effect of patrimonialism and feudalism 724-752
9 Charismatism 753-757
10 Reshaping the charism 758-778
11 State and hierarchy 779-817
- register 818-840

The second and third edition with the same printing are structured as follows:

Part 2 Types of Vergemeinschaftung and Vergesellschaftung 181-600
Chapter No. heading pages
1 Economy and society in general 181-193
2 Types of Vergemeinschaftung and Vergesellschaftung 194-215
3 Ethnic community relationships 216-226
4th Sociology of religion (types of religious community) 227-363
5 market 364-367
6th The economy and the orders 368-386
7th Legal Sociology (Economics and Law) 387-513
8th The town 514-601
part 3 Types of domination 603-817
Chapter No. heading pages
1 Domination 603-612
2 Political communities 613-618
3 Power structures. "Nation" 619-630
4th Classes, booth, parties 631-641
5 legitimacy 642-649
6th Bureaucracy 650-678
7th Patrimonialism 679-723
8th Effect of patrimonialism and feudalism 724-752
9 Charismatism 753-757
10 Reshaping the charism 758-778
11 State and hierarchy 779-817
attachment The rational and sociological foundations of music * 818-869
- Register ** 870-892
*: This is the first part of a sociology of music planned by Max Weber .
**: Not extended to include the contents of the appendix The rational and sociological foundations of music .

In the fourth edition (1956) the contents are structured as follows:

Part 2 The economy and the social order and powers
181-876
Chapter No. heading pages
1 The economy and the social order in their fundamental relationship
181-198
2 Economic relations of the communities (economy and society) in general
199-211
3 Types of Vergemeinschaftung and Vergesellschaftung in their relationship to the economy
212-233
4th Ethnic community relationships
234-244
5 Types of religious community (sociology of religion)
245-381
6th The market community
382-385
7th Economics and Law (Legal Sociology)
387-513
8th Political communities
514-540
9 * Sociology of Domination
541-876
attachment The rational and sociological foundations of music
877-928
- Directories 929-1033
*: Under the heading Types of rule from the first edition from 1921/2 to the third edition in 1947, still outsourced as an independent part 3. What was previously a chapter in Part 3 is now a section of Chapter 9 of Part 2. As with the other chapters, however, the headings differ in part. In addition, Winckelmann has added other previously not included manuscripts as a text montage (so it is not an authentic Weber text) under the title The rational state institution and the modern political parties and parliaments (state sociology) (pp. 815-868), which is also the subject the criticism of the professional world was.

In the fifth edition (since 1972 [to 2002]) the structure is as follows:

Part 2 The economy and the social order and powers 181-868
Chapter No. heading pages
1 The economy and the social order 181-198
2 Economic relations of the communities (economy and society) in general 199-211
3 Types of Vergemeinschaftung and Vergesellschaftung in their relationship to the economy 212-233
4th Ethnic community relationships 234-244
5 Sociology of religion (types of religious community) 245-381
6th The market society 382-385
7th Legal sociology 387-513
8th Political communities 514-540
9 Sociology of Domination 541-868
- Directories 869-943

Emergence

Weber was initially to act as the editor of the compilation Grundriß der Sozialökonomik planned by Paul Siebeck , the publisher of the Archives for Social Sciences and Social Policy . Weber later developed a new overall concept, chose a new title and worked with Edgar Jaffé , Robert Michels , Joseph Schumpeter , Werner Sombart and his brother Alfred Weber to create it .

After delays in submitting the individual contributions, Weber considerably increased the amount he had to write. The third section of the outline of social economics planned under the title “Economy and Society” was originally intended to consist of the two parts “ The Economy and Social Orders and Powers ” by Weber and “ Development of Economic and Social Policy Systems and Ideals ” by Eugen von Philippovich consist. Weber then worked on his part from 1909 until his death in 1920, but was only able to complete the first section, which appeared in 1921.

Edition history

After Max Weber died on July 14, 1920, his widow Marianne Weber first published the revised 1st and 2nd deliveries that her husband had submitted himself under the (department) title Economy and Society as the 1st half volume of the 3rd section von Grundriß der Sozialökonomik .

In 1922, her husband's third and fourth deliveries, which were no longer revised, followed in the second half volume. Taken together, both half-volumes represent the first edition of Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft .

In 1925, a second edition followed, also edited by Marianne Weber and supplemented with the appendix “ The rational and sociological foundations of music ” (written by Max Weber in 1911). In 1947 Marianne Weber published another edition. Although this was unchanged in terms of content, was only a reprint of the 1925 edition, it is (unlike later reprints of more recent editions) referred to as the 3rd edition.

After Marianne Weber's death in 1954, the work was published from 1956 by the private scholar Johannes Winckelmann . The published (“complete”) editions have been edited considerably in some cases. This edition is still being discussed - sometimes critically - within sociology. Winckelmann's edition detached the connection between Weber's text and the series Grundriß der Sozialökonomik and placed it separately under the title Economy and Society - Grundriß der Understanding Sociology ; this title has since been retained for all subsequent editions. In 1972 Winckelmann published a revised 5th edition. This was reprinted unchanged in 1976, 1980, 1985 and after Winckelmann's death (November 1985) several times in 1990, 1995 and 2002, each time (unlike the unchanged reprint of the 2nd edition) still as “5. Edition ".

All of these editions present Weber's manuscripts on economy and society as a coherent or at least compilable work. In the meantime, Weber research has proven this requirement to be incorrect on the basis of detailed text-critical analyzes.

Weber's texts on business and society have been published as part of the Max Weber Complete Edition since 1999 . This is based on the four deliveries by Max Weber as well as the treatise, which has since been printed in the second edition and originally published in the Archives for Social Sciences and Social Policy under the title " Die Stadt ". They appear as separate volumes:

  • Volume 1 / 22-1: Economy and Society - Communities ,
  • Volume 1 / 22-2: Economy and Society - Religious Communities ,
  • Volume 1 / 22-3: Economy and Society - Law ,
  • Volume 1 / 22-4: Economy and Society - Domination ,
  • Volume 1 / 22-5: Economy and Society - The City .
  • Volume 1/23: Economy and Society. Sociology. Unfinished 1919–1920 .

In addition, volume 1/24 Economy and Society - History and Documents was published, which contains the history of the development of Max Weber's contributions to the manual of political economy , later the outline of social economics . A general register of all WuG volumes will follow.

In 2005 and 2006 uncritical reprints of the economy and society appeared , the text of which is not specified.

Economic and social spending

Complete editions and older partial editions

  • Economy and society , Tübingen: Mohr, 1922, X, 840 p. (Outline of the social economy; Dept. 3).
  • Economy u. Society . 2nd probably ed., Tübingen: Mohr, 1925 (plan of the social economy. Part: 3rd half-volume 1/2).
  • Economy and society . 3rd edition, unchanged. Reprint of the 2nd, presumably, edition, Tübingen: Mohr, 1947 (Outline of Social Economics. Section 3).
  • Economy and society . Outline of understanding sociology. With an appendix: The rational and sociological foundations of music. 4th, new ed. Ed. Acquired by Johannes Winckelmann, Tübingen: Mohr, 1956 (two half-volumes) (reprint 1964).
    • Economy and society . Outline of understanding sociology. Edited by Johannes Winckelmann, Cologne [u. a.]: Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 1964 (license from Verlag Mohr (Siebeck), Tübingen).
  • Economy and society . [Anniversary edition for the 50th anniversary of the appearance of the first edition]. Complete Reprint of the first edition (Tübingen: Mohr, 1922), Frankfurt (Main): Uni-print, [1972].
  • Economy and society . Outline of understanding sociology. Study edition, 5th, rev. Edited by Johannes Winckelmann, Tübingen: Mohr, 1972 (XXXIII, 942 pages) (reprints 1976, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2002 and 2009).
  • Economy and society . Outline of understanding sociology. With text-critical explanations ed. by Johannes Winckelmann, 5th, rev. Ed., Tübingen: Mohr, 1976:
    • Half vol. 1, Tübingen 1976.
    • Half vol. 2, Tübingen 1976.
    • Explanatory volume, Tübingen 1976.
  • Basic sociological terms. Edited by Johannes Winckelmann. 6th edition, Stuttgart 1984. ISBN 3-8252-0541-X (corresponds to the first chapter of the first part of WuG)
  • The rational and sociological foundations of music , Munich 1921, re-publication Tübingen 1972. ISBN 3-16-533351-3 .

CD-ROM

  • Max Weber in context. Collected publications, essays and lectures, including business and society. 1st edition, Berlin: Worm, 1999 (1 CD-ROM. + Supplement ([3] pp.)) (Literature in context on CD-ROM; 7).

Max Weber Complete Edition

  • In the Max Weber Complete Edition (MWG), the reproduction of business and society is divided into several volumes. Section 1 / Volume 22 (in five sub-volumes) contains the texts from the older layer of origin from 1911/14, Section 1 / Volume 23 the unfinished text version revised in 1918/20:
    • Max Weber: MWG 1 / 22-1: Economy and Society - The economy and social orders and powers. Estate , Part 1: Communities , Tübingen 2001. ISBN 3-16-147560-7
    • Max Weber: MWG 1 / 22-2: Economy and Society - The economy and social orders and powers. Nachlass , Part 2: Religious Communities , Tübingen 2001. ISBN 3-16-147562-3
    • Max Weber: MWG 1 / 22-3: Economy and Society - The economy and social orders and powers. Estate , Volume 3: Law , in planning.
    • Max Weber: MWG 1 / 22-4: Economy and Society - The economy and social orders and powers. Estate , Volume 4: Herrschaft , Tübingen 2005. ISBN 3-16-148694-3
    • Max Weber: MWG 1 / 22-5: Economy and Society - The economy and social orders and powers. Nachlass , Teilband 5: Die Stadt , Tübingen 1999. ISBN 3-16-146821-X
    • Max Weber: MWG 1/23: Economy and Society. Sociology. Unfinished 1919–1920 , Tübingen 2013. ISBN 978-3-16-150292-7 (will contain the first part of WuG, which Weber himself edited and printed ).
    • Max Weber: MWG 1/24: Economy and Society. History and documents , Tübingen 2009. ISBN 978-3-16-150058-9
    • Max Weber: MWG 1 / 24-2: Economy and Society. Register , in planning.

Translations

Max Weber: Economy and Society (1978 edition)
  • The theory of social and economic organization , being part I of Wirtschaft and Gesellschaft. Transl. from the German by AR Henderson. Rev. and ed., With an introduction by Talcott Parsons , London [u. a.]: Hodge, 1947.
  • The theory of social and economic organization . Transl. by AM Henderson. Ed. with an introd. by Talcott Parsons, New York [u. a.]: Free Press [u. a.], 1964.
  • Economy and Society. An outline of interpretive sociology . Ed. by Guenther Roth and Claus Wittich. New York: Bedminster Press, 1968 (3 volumes). Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, 1978 (2 vols., ISBN 0-520-03500-3 ).
  • Economía y sociedad . Esbozo de sociología comprensiva. Ed. prep. by Johannes Winckelmann. Nota prelim. de José Medina Echavarría, 2nd ed. en español, 6th reimpr., México, DF: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1983.
  • Economy et société . Trad. de l'allemand par Julien Freund [u. a.], Paris: Plon, [1971].
  • Économie et société , Paris: Pocket, 2008.

literature

  • Johannes Winckelmann : Max Weber's main work left behind: The economy and the social orders and powers. Origin and structure. Paul Siebeck (JCB Mohr), Tübingen 1986.
  • Wolfgang Schluchter : "Economy and Society" - The end of a myth. In: Max Weber today. Income and Problems of Research. Edited by Johannes Weiß, Frankfurt am Main 1989, pp. 55–89.
  • Bernhard K. Quensel: Max Weber's construction logic. Social economics between history and theory. Baden-Baden 2007, therein: First part: Social economics, pp. 21–92.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On some categories of understanding sociology , in: Logos 4 (1913), 253–294 and in: Max Weber, Collected Essays on Science Teaching , 7th Edition, Tübingen 1988, 427–474, probably in MWG 1/12.
  2. ↑ a b Marianne Weber's preface to the second edition.
  3. ↑ General information from the editors of the Max Weber Complete Edition .
  4. ^ Max Weber: Economy and Society. Outline of understanding sociology. Two parts in one band. Edited by Alexander Ulfig , Frankfurt am Main: Zweiausendeins-Verlag, 2005 (licensed edition by Melzer-Verlag, Neu Isenburg) / Max Weber: Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, Paderborn: Voltmedia, 2006.

Online text editions

Web links

Wikiquote: Economy and Society  - Quotes