Vladimir Mikhailovich Lobashov
Wladimir Michailowitsch Lobaschow ( Russian Владимир Михайлович Лобашёв , English transcription Vladimir Lobashev ; born July 29, 1934 in Leningrad ; † August 3, 2011 ) was a Russian physicist who dealt with experimental particle physics and nuclear physics.
Life
His father Mikhail Jefimowitsch Lobaschow (1907–1971) was a professor of genetics at the Leningrad State University. Lobashov studied physics at the Leningrad State University with a degree in 1957. After that, he was at the Physico-Technical Institute ( Joffe Institute ) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR until 1972 and from 1972 at the Institute for Nuclear Research (INR) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR .
In 1963 he received his doctorate and in 1968 he completed his habilitation ( Russian doctorate ).
He was a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences since 1970 and a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 2003 . In 1998 he received the Bruno Pontecorvo Prize . In addition, he was awarded the Lenin Prize , the Humboldt Research Award and the Markov price of INR.
In 1974 he received the Lenin Prize for his experiments on parity violation and weak interaction in nuclei .
plant
He is one of the authors of the proposal to measure the electron neutrino mass over the spectrum of tritium beta decay, which was realized in the Troitsk neutrino experiment in the 1990s (named after the headquarters of the INR in Troitsk (Moscow) ). The experiment provided upper bounds of about 2 electron volts for the neutrino mass. Improved experiments of this kind are being set up in Karlsruhe in the 2000s ( KATRIN ).
He is also known for basic experiments in measuring parity violation in nuclear physics. In his habilitation in 1968, he proposed a measurement method for this using the polarization of gamma radiation during nuclear decays. Later he measured various small parity-violating effects in nuclear reactions with thermal neutrons. The nuclear physics experiments made an important contribution to establishing the universality of the weak interaction.
He also looked for CP ( T ) violation in nuclear physics that would result from the detection of a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) in the neutron. His experiments on this with ultra-cold neutrons provided some of the world's best upper limits for such an EDM. He also experimented with double beta decay .
He discovered a new effect of quantum electrodynamics , the rotation of the plane of polarization of photons near polarized electrons.
He was also significantly involved in the design of the meson factory of the Institute for Nuclear Research in Troitsk.
Lobaschew also came up with the idea of observing the direct decay of a muon into an electron (Charged Lepton Flavor Violation, CLFV), a rare effect that would point to physics beyond the Standard Model and is predicted by supersymmetric theories. It is investigated in the Fermilab's Mu2e experiment (2011).
Web links
- For the 75th birthday
- Entry in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- Russian biography at the INR
- Obituary at the Fermilab
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lobashev, PE Spivak: A method for measuring the electron antineutrino rest mass , Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, Volume 240, 1985, pp 305-310
- ↑ Troizk Neutrino Mass Experiment ( Memento from June 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Mu2e experiment
- ↑ Mu2e
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lobaschow, Vladimir Mikhailovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lobashev, Vladimir; Лобашёв, Владимир Михайлович |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 29, 1934 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Leningrad |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 3, 2011 |