Purine alkaloids
| Surname | Basic structure | R 1 | R 2 | R 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xanthine | .svg) |
−H | −H | −H |
| Theobromine | −H | −CH 3 | −CH 3 | |
| Paraxanthin | −CH 3 | −H | −CH 3 | |
| Theophylline | −CH 3 | −CH 3 | −H | |
| Caffeine | −CH 3 | −CH 3 | −CH 3 | |
| IBMX | −CH 3 | −CH 2 −CH (CH 3 ) 2 | −H | |
| DMPX | −CH 2 −C≡CH | −CH 3 | −CH 3 |
Purine alkaloids , often also referred to as xanthines , are naturally occurring chemical compounds from the group of alkaloids that are chemically derived from xanthine . This group of substances, which includes caffeine , theophylline and theobromine , is named after the purine ring system as the basic body. This body is in contrast to other alkaloids, whose basic structure is usually a product of secondary metabolism , is the primary metabolic belonging nucleotide metabolism primarily from the amino acids glycine and aspartic acid built up. Purine alkaloids, the content of which can be up to 6% of the dry weight, occur, for example, in tea leaves , coffee beans , cocoa , cola nuts , mate and guarana . The classic murexide reaction is used as a detection reaction to purine alkaloids .
An artificial xanthine that is very similar to theophylline and caffeine is 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine ( IBMX ).
literature
- Eckard Eich, Ulrich Förstermann, Chlodwig Franz, Horst Rimpler: Pharmaceutical Biology 2. Biogenic Drugs . 2nd edition, Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 978-3769223262 .